Negotiations for

The high C/H ratio for heavy fuels and their high levels of contaminants such as sulfur, water, and sediment, tend to reduce their NHV which can reach as low as 40,000 kJ/kg by comparison to the 42,500 kJ/kg for a conventional home-heating oil. This characteristic is not found in the specifications, but it is a main factor in price negotiations for fuels in terms of cost per ton. Therefore it is subject to frequent verification. 

They are classified apart in this text because their use differs from that of petroleum solvents they are used as raw materials for petrochemicals, particularly as feeds to steam crackers. Naphthas are thus industrial intermediates and not consumer products. Consequently, naphthas are not subject to governmental specifications, but only to commercial specifications that are re-negotiated for each contract. Nevertheless, naphthas are in a relatively homogeneous class and represent a large enough tonnage so that the best known properties to be highlighted here. 

Because of projected nylon-6,6 growth of 4—10% (167) per year in the Far East, several companies have announced plans for that area. A Rhc ne-Poulenc/Oriental Chemical Industry joint venture (Kofran) announced a 1991 startup for a 50,000-t/yr plant in Onsan, South Korea (168,169). Asahi announced plans for a 15,000-t/yr expansion of adipic acid capacity at their Nobeoka complex in late 1989, accompanied by a 60,000-t/yr cyclohexanol plant at Mizushima based on their new cyclohexene hydration technology (170). In early 1990 the Du Pont Company announced plans for a major nylon-6,6 complex for Singapore, including a 90,000-t/yr adipic acid plant due to start up in 1993 (167). Plans or negotiations for other adipic acid capacity in the area include Formosa Plastics (Taiwan) (171) and BASF-Hyundai Petrochemical (South Korea) (167). Adipic acid is a truly worldwide... 

How much physical space and what shape is allocated for the power supply within the enclosure It is always too small, so start negotiating for your fair share. 

The price label on any product or service should be for a product or service free of defects. If there are defects the label should say as much, otherwise the supplier may well be in breach of national laws and statutes. Price is therefore not a feature or characteristic of the product but is a feature of the service associated with it. Price is negotiable for the same quality of product. Some may argue that quality is expensive but in reality, the saving you make on buying low-priced goods could well be eroded by inferior service or differences in the cost of ownership. 

Negotiate for materials, supplies, and services Resolve differences ... 

Scientists coming from such different positions are able to make strategic use of each other in a borderland, a place where even the choice of what language to use in any given situation allows different types of negotiations for resources, position, and ownership of scientific knowledge.2... 

I have so perfected the process that in my judgment, based upon my actual experience, gold may be manufactured at enormous profit, and to this end I have designed a plant to be erected in Philadelphia and am at this moment negotiating for the 500,000 capital for its erection. I realize that the public and most scientific men are adverse to belief in the possibility of such an enterprise, but I know what I am doing and can afford to allow public sentiment to follow its own course. 

Basic negotiations for such sales involve four phases ... 

Undertake price negotiation for newly registered essential medicines... 

This technology is stiU being tested in the laboratory and is not yet commercially available. The developer is currently interested in negotiating for partnerships in the continuing development of this technology. 

Obtaining resources identifying them, negotiating for their release, retaining them, managing their effective use. 

Negotiations for international co-operations co-operation with international organisations ... 

According to the Directive Art. 21 No. 2, a competent authority shall be appointed to achieve a rapid resolution of disputes arising between undertakings in connection with negotiations for third party access. Disputes on denial of access are especially mentioned. The authority shall be independent of the parties . Member States can make use of existing bodies, for instance, competition authorities or national courts.11 However, if the State in question is an important player in the gas market, the demand for impartiality indicates that the dispute authority shall be administratively independent of the state authorities. 

Alongside these are specialty areas such as the provision of vaccines at local level or negotiating for government contracts (a market with opportunities and constraints which are very different to either those of the hospital or those of primary care therapeutic markets). Hence the compatibility of an opportunity with the business of the company, defined as its customers, is an issue of crucial importance in setting up the parameters for a desirable product. 

Additionally, contracts may be negotiated for payment or milestones. This challenges the vendor to keep to the time line and complete the tasks in order. Incentives for completing work early can be included. Penalties for nondeliverables or the cost for nonconformance can also be defined. This provides an incentive for the vendor to reach and maintain an appropriate level of compliance. 

Like other early stage R D alliances, a large fraction of total pre-commercial payments from pharma licensee to biotech licensor in CC alliances comes in the form of R D reimbursement. Such reimbursement is usually negotiated as a minimum annual payment per year (R D/yr), either on a fixed dollar basis or as a function of the number of biotech full-time equivalent scientists (FTEs) expected to conduct the alliance program. In addition, R D reimbursement is usually negotiated for an expected number of years (R D term), although often it is possible for the licensee to cancel R D reimbursement prior to the completion of the R D term. 

Other applications include industrial safety monitoring, primarily in semiconductor plants, metals processing and hydrogen generation plants. A series of agreements for beta testing are in negotiation for these markets. 

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