NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Recent advances in biotechnology have resulted in improved fermentation processes for the production of useful chemical intermediates. One such process was developed a few years ago during the U.S. DOE sponsored CRADA (Cooperative Research and Development Agreement) with Applied Carbochemicals (ACC). Under this CRADA a consortium of four national labs including Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), and Pacific... 

Figure 18 Photocurrent-voltage characteristics of the complex (24) measured at National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Pertinent data are as follows. Temperature, 298 K area of cell, 0.1863 cm2 irradiance, 1,000 Wm-2 FOC = 0.721V 7max = 3.552 mA Jsc = 20.53 mA cm-2 fill factor = 70.41% Fmax = 0.5465 V 7SC = 3.824mA 7>max= 1.941 mW efficiency = 10.4%.

Kottenstette, R. and Cotrell, J. Hydrogen Storage in Wind Turbine Towers, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL/TP-500-34656,2003. 

Denholm, P. and Short, W. (2006). An Evaluation of Utility System Impacts and Benefits of Optimally Dispatched Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Technical Report NREL/TP-620-40293, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Colorado. 

Spath, P., Aden, A., Eggeman, T. el al. (2005). Biomass to Hydrogen Production -Detailed Design and Economics Utilizing the Battelle Columbus Laboratory Indirectly-heated Gasifier. Battelle National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). www.nrel.gov/docs/fy05osti/37408.pdf. 

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). wwwl.eere.energy.gov/ hydrogenandfuelcells / analy sis/pdfs/welch hy dive.pdf. 

Sheehan, J., Dunahay, T., Benemann, J., Roessler, P. 1998. A look back at the US Department of Energy s Aquatic Species Program biodiesel from algae. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Report NREL/TP-580-24190, Golden, Colorado. 

Stevens, D.J. 2001. Hot gas conditioning Recent progress with larger-scale biomass gasification systems. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL/SR-510-29952, Golden, CO. 

In 1994, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory [NREL, a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)] performed a cost comparison of PCO versus other air pollution control technologies. It was determined from this study that the cost per standard cubic foot per minute (scfm) increased with contaminant concentration but fluctuated little with fiow rate. For treatment of VOC concentrations above 1000 parts per million (ppm), the PCO systems became expensive relative to other technologies (D130905, p. 3). 

Werpy, T. and Petersen, G. (eds) (2004) Top Value Added Chemicals from Biomass Volume I - Results of Screeningfor Potential Candidates from Sugars and Synthesis Gas, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Office of Biomass Program (EERE). 

E-mail Address public ajfairs nrel.gov Web Address www.nrel.gov The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) reduces nuclear danger, transfers applied environmental technology to government and nongovernment entities and forms economic and industrial alliances. 

Simbeck D., Chang E., Hydrogen Supply Cost Estimate for Hydrogen Pathways, National Renewable Energy Laboratory - NREL/SR-540-32525... 

The biomass material studied was com stover (includes all aboveground portions of the corn plant except the grain and cob). Milled (passed through a 6-mm screen) and dried (about <10% moisture content) com stover was provided by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)... 

The DM content of the samples was determined by drying duplicate samples for 16 h in an oven at 105°C according to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) standard method for determination of total solids in biomass, LAP-001 (11). Total ash content was determined by ashing samples in triplicate at 575°C in a muffle furnace according to the NREL standard method for ash in biomass, LAP-005 (12). 

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