National Nosocomial Surveillance System

Staphylococcus aureus has long been recognized as a major human pathogen and remains a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality (I). According to the National Nosocomial Surveillance System (NNIS), S. aureus is the most common cause of nosocomial infections (2). These infections include pneumonia, surgical site, and bloodstream infections, which can be complicated by endocarditis, osteomyelitis, or septic shock (1). The versatile tissue tropism... 

MRSA methiciUin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MSSA methiciUin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus NNIS National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System... 

National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System Report, data summary from January 1992 through June 2003, issued August 2003. Am. J. Infect. 

According to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System, the five most common pathogens encountered in surgical wounds are Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterococci, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 

NNIS National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System... 

The incidence of surgical site infections traditionally has been stratified by the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) system. Participating hospitals are categorized by size and medical school affiliation. Surgical site wounds are classified by the degree of microbial contamination at the operative site. The classification scheme is as follows [1,3] ... 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) Report, Data Summary, October 1986-April 1996, Issued May 1996 A Report from the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System. American Journal of Irfection Control, 1996, 24 5), 380-388. 

Gaynes RP, Culver DH, Horan TC, Henderson TS, Tolson JS, Martone Wj, National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System. Trends in methicillin-resiscant Staphylococcus aureus in United States hospitals. Infect Dis Clin Prac 1994 6 452-455. 

Banerjee SN, Emori TG, Culver DH, Gaynes RP, Jarvis WR, Horan T, Edwards JR, Iblson J, Henderson T, Martone WJ, National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System. Secular trends in nosocomiai primary bloodstream infections in the United States, 1980-1989. National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System. Am J Med 1991 9I 86S-89S. 

For the numerator of a nosocomial pneumonia rate, accurate and consistent case finding of nosocomial pneumonia in the population under study is needed. Consistent definitions for case finding are essential. Therefore, it is imperative that there be available a uniform set of criteria that define nosocomial pneumonia. The most widely used definitions currently in use are the definitions used by National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) system hospitals, the complete version of which was published in Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control in 1996. The current definition for nosocomial pneumonia is shown on Table 1. 

Sartor C, Edwards JR, Gaynes RP, Culver DH. Evolution of hospital participation in the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System, 1986 to 1993. Am J Infect Control 1995 23,6 364-368. 

Data from the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System (NNIS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Ifom January 1986 through April 1997 report that S. aureus and P. aeruginosa each accounted for about... 

Nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections (LRI) represent a significant concern to those caring for hospitalized infants and children because of both their frequency and their potential severity. Pneumonia is the second most common nosocomial infections in all patients hospitalized in the United States regardless of age (1,2). Data from the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System documents that nosocomial pneumonia is the second most frequent hospital-acquired infection in critically ill infants and children as well (2,3). Many of the significant risk factors for the development of nosocomial pneumonia previously identified in adult patients, such as severe underlying cardiopulmonary disease, immunosuppression, depressed sensorium, and prior thoracoabdominal surgery, are present in pediatric patients and place them similarly at risk for nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections. In addition, there are specific clinical situations that are unique for neonatal and pediatric patients that provide additional risks for severe nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections (Table 1). 

Table 2 Criteria Used by the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System to Define Nosocomial Pneumonia...

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) System. Report to participating hospitals. 1998. 

Emoii TG, Culver DH, Horan TC, et al. National nosocomial infections surveillance system (NNIS) description of surveillance methods. Am J Infect Control 1991 19 19-35. 

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