Naphthol black

Acid black, agalma black, alphanol black, amido acid black, amido naphthol black, amido black, anthracite black, azo acid black, azo merino black, Biebnch patent black, bnlhant black, Coomassie wool black, ethyl black, fast sulphon black, M Gumea black, kresol black, naphthalene acid black, naphthol black, naphthylamme black, nerol, ortho black, palatme ° black, phenol black, phenylamme black, sulphon acid black, sulphocyamne black, supramme black, tolyl black, Victoria black, wool black... 

Naphthol black, naphthylamine black, nerol, amido black, amine black, azo acid black, azo merino black, palatine black, supramine black, sulphoncyanine black, sulphon black. Biebrich patent black, cresol black, Guinea black, etc. The cotton remains white Acid Dyestuff. On boiling with Hydrosulphite A X, the colour is permanently discharged. 

C30H20N4O13S4 M 772.771 Strictly, the name Naphthol black 3B applies to the tetrasodium salt. 

Mordant blue 44 Di-Na salt, in M-00342 Mordant green 34 Na salt, in M-00343 Naphthol black 3B Tetra-Na salt, in N-00028... 

Naphthalenediol. This diol is prepared by the alkah fusion of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid (Schaffer acid) at 290—295°C. Schaffer acid is usually produced by sulfonation of 2-naphthol with the addition of sodium sulfate at 85—105°C. This acid is also used as a coupling component in the production of a2o dyes such as Acid Black 26. 2,6-Naphthalenediol is used as a component in the manufacture of aromatic polyesters which, as is also tme of the corresponding amides, display Hquid crystal characteristics (52). 

Diazophenols, ie, o-hydroxyaryldiazonium salts, couple to 1-naphthol in weaMy basic solution primarily in the para position, but as the hydroxyl ion concentration is increased, formation of the ortho isomer is favored and is frequentiy the sole product. Pyridine and pyridine derivatives, urea, and acetate, etc, used as buffers can also catalyze azo coupling reactions (28). l-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid [116-63-2] (1,2,4-acid) and 1-naphthol yield the important Eriochrome Black A [3564-14-5] (18a, R = H) (Cl Mordant Black 3 Cl 14640) which is reportedly (20) a mixture of ortho and para isomers. 

Dihydroxynaphthalene [83-56-7] behaves similarly to 1-naphthol coupling takes place mainly in the 4-position by simple diazonium compounds, and in the 2-position with diazophenols. Diazotized 2-arninophenol-4-sulfonic acid [98-37-3] couples with 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene to produce the important mordant dye Diamond Black PV [2052-25-7] (see stmcture 53) (Cl Mordant Black 9 Cl 16500). 

In mordant dyes, phenols, naphthols, and enolizable carbonyl compounds, such as pyrazolones, are generally the couplers. As a rule, 2 1 metal complexes are formed ia the afterchroming process. A typical example of a mordant dye is Eriochrome Black T (18b) which is made from the important dyestuff iatermediate nitro-l,2,4-acid, 4-amiQO-3-hydroxy-7-nitro-l-naphthalenesulfonic acid [6259-63-8]. Eriochrome Red B [3618-63-1] (49) (Cl Mordant Red 7 Cl 18760) (1, 2,4-acid — l-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone) is another example. The equiUbrium of the two tautomeric forms depends on the nature of the solvent. 

Azoic Dyes. These are used to produce cost-effective heavy yellow, orange, red, maroon, navy blue, brown, and black shades and are ptinted alongside other dye classes to extend the coloristic possibiUties for the designer. Two approaches are adopted. The common method ia the United States is to use both a naphthol derivative and a stabilized color base, usually in the form of a diazo imino compound in the same print paste. This mixture is soluble in dilute caustic soda and no coupling takes place at this stage. The dried prints are passed through steam at 100—105°C that contains acetic and/or formic acid vapor. As neutralization takes place on the print, the coupling occurs rapidly and the insoluble azoic dye is formed. 

Solochrome black (eriochrome black T). This substance is sodium 1-(1-hydroxy-2-naphthylazo)-6-nitro-2-naphthol-4-sulphonate, and has the Colour Index reference C.I. 14645. In strongly acidic solutions the dye tends to polymerise to a red-brown product, and consequently the indicator is rarely applied in titrations of solutions more acidic than pH = 6.5. 

Solochrome dark blue or calcon ( C.1.15705). This is sometimes referred to as eriochrome blue black RC it is in fact sodium l-(2-hydroxy-l-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-4-sulphonate. The dyestuff has two ionisable phenolic hydrogen atoms the protons ionise stepwise with pK values of 7.4 and 13.5 respectively. An important application of the indicator is in the complexometric titration of calcium in the presence of magnesium this must be carried out at a pH of about 12.3 (obtained, for example, with a diethylamine buffer 5 mL for every 100 mL of solution) in order to avoid the interference of magnesium. Under these conditions magnesium is precipitated quantitatively as the hydroxide. The colour change is from pink to pure blue. 

Calmagite. This indicator, l-(l-hydroxyl-4-methyl-2-phenylazo)-2-naphthol-4-sulphonic acid, has the same colour change as solochrome black, but the colour change is somewhat clearer and sharper. An important advantage is that aqueous solutions of the indicator are stable almost indefinitely. It may be substituted for solochrome black without change in the experimental procedures for the titration of calcium plus magnesium (see Sections 10.54 and 10.62). Calmagite functions as an acid-base indicator ... 

Nitro-3,4,6-Tribromo-2-Naphthol (1-Nitio-3,4,6-tribromo-2-oxy-naphthalene). 02N.CloH3Br3.OH, mw 425.87, N 3.29%, OB toC02 -71.38%, turns black at 135°, mp 136° (decompn). Prepn from l,3,4,6 tetrabromo-l-nitro-2-naphthol by reaction with nitric acid, then alkali Ref Beil 6,655... 

DinitroT -Naphthol (4,8-Dinitro-1 -oxy-naphthalene). Yellow needles from 25% alc/w mp, turns black at 200° melts at 235° (decompn). Sol in ale, AcOH cold Na carbonate soln. Prepn from 8-nitro-naphthochinon-(l,4)-oxime-(4) by oxidation with alkaline K ferrocyanide Ref Beil 6, 619 i... 

Fig. 7. Relationship between polarity index, (N+0)/C, and the Koc of a-Naphthol sorption to peat, black shale, and humic acids (HA) from different horizons of a soil. Modified from Chen et al. (1996).

Reactive Black 5, Naphthol Blue Black, Chicago Sky Blue ... 

The same naphthylazo-2-naphthol ligand grouping is present in the 1 1 complex Cl Acid Black 52 (5.53 M = Cr) and its symmetrical 1 2 analogue Black 172 (5.54 M = Cr), which are both widely used in the dyeing of wool. The corresponding 1 1 and 1 2 complexes of trivalent iron (M = Fe) have been synthesised and their properties compared with the... 

Figure 10.3 ESR spectra at 6 K for a V precursor (L-leucine) in methanol (a) the Si02-supported V complex (3.4wt% V) in the absence (gray line) and presence (black line) of O2 [(bl) and (b2) shows the main signal, and (b) shows the half-band] and that treated with 2-naphthol in the absence (gray line) and...

In both 2-phenylazo-l-naphthols and l-phenylazo-2-naphthols the hydrazone forms predominate hence in the literature they are often drawn in this form as shown for Cl Reactive Black 5 (2.2) rewritten in the hydrazone form (2.13). 

Z. Composizioni a fumo nero (Black smoke compns) a) Hexachloroethane 50, anthracene 15, naphthalene 15 Mg powder 20% (Izzo, p 236 Belgrano, p 631) b) HC1E 65, anthracene 6, a-naphthol 17 A1 powder 12%. They were used in Italian smoke bombs (bomba fumo-gena) initiated by a mixture of KN03 61, S 17.5, AS2S2 17.5 gum arabic or dextrin 4% (Izzo, p 236) and c) KC103 31, naphthalene 11, red P 11 tar 47% d) KCIO 45, naphthalene 40 charcoal 15% (Izzo, p 237)... 

Hexachloroethane, Alpha naphthol, Anthracene, Aluminum powder, Smokeless powder. Naphthalene Black powder. Potassium nitrate. Coal tar, Charcoal powder, Paraffin... 

It is best to use horseradish peroxidase-linked compounds and to develop with 4-chloro-1-naphthol, as this blue-black stain provides a good contrast to the pink of the gold stain. 

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