Nanostructured light-emitting diode

Rolf Konenkamp is the Gertrude-Rempfer Professor of Physics at Portland State University in Portland, Oregon. His present research interests lie in the field of nanoscience. He has worked extensively on semiconductor devices, such as nanostructured solar cells and nanowire light-emitting diodes and transistors, and he holds several patents in this area. He has led the design and construction of a new high-resolution photoelectron microscope since 2002. This will be one of the first aberration-corrected microscopes of this type and it will be used to explore transport and confinement effects on the nanoscale. He has worked at NREL, HMI Berlin, Hitachi Tokyo, Princeton University and at the 1ST in Lisbon, and he is a member of the national R D team for thin-fUm photovoltaics in the US. 

We have given an overview of the recent works on nanocomposites used for optoelectronic devices. From the review it is seen that a very rich publication has been issued regarding the nanostructured composites and nano-hybrid layers or heterojunctions which can be applied for different practical purposes. Among them there are organic light emitting diodes (OLED) and excitonic or organic solar cells (OSC). 

Dinh, N. N. Chi L. H., Thuy, T.T.C Trung T.Q. Vo, Van Truong. (2009). Enhancement of current, voltage characteristics of multilayer organic light emitting diodes by using nanostructured composite films,. Appl. Phys. 105, pp. 093518-1+ 093518-7. 

Also, the chemistry and polymerization of discotic monomers has been reviewed [10]. Their current and emerging uses are in optical compensation films for liquid crystal displays, carbon nanostructures, organic electronics, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and field-effect transistors. 

The majority of metal phosphides have a metal arsenide analogue which they usually resanble in properties and structure (Table 8.2). Metal phosphides, arsenides and nitrides not infrequently exhibit properties similar to those of metal carbides, silicides and germanides. Some metal phosphides are very useful semiconductors, while others shew superconduction or a variety of magnetic properties. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and nanostructured materials are other modem applications (Chapter 12.19). 

Electrical conduction is also very important for many devices that exploit the huge area of surface or interface per unit volume in zero-dimensional nanostructured materials such as nanoporous materials, granular materials, nanocomposites, and nanoparticle assemblies. Examples of such devices are chemiresistor-type sensors, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and energy-storage cells. From the point of view of electron... 

Direct band-gap semiconductor nanostructures have great potential for nano-photonic devices, including solar cells, light emitting diodes, and photodetectors. CdSe is particularly interesting for photovoltaics, since its band-gap favors absorption over a wide range of the visible spectrum. 

Semiconducting chalcogenide nanostructures have received a great deal of attention for application in optoelectronic devices, such as blue laser diodes, light-emitting diodes, solar cells, IR optical windows, optical limiting, and so on [12-17]. To synthesize them as a pure phase is a... 

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