Nanoscaled processing

Nanoreactors Wheel-shaped clusters show functionalities and especially nucleation processes inside their central nanoscaled cavity 3a ... 

Nanoscaled PCL and PCL/gelatin fibrous scaffolds with immobilized epidermal growth factor (EGF) were prepared for the purpose of wound-healing treatments [80]. The tissue scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning and the parameters that affect the electrospinning process were optimized. In this study, the fiber diameters were 488 114 nm and 663 107 nm for PCL and PCL/gelatin scaffolds, respectively, and the porosities were calculated as 79% for PCL and 68% for... 

Product quality and application characteristics of nanoscaled solids depend strongly on size distribution and morphology, so that the degree of aggregation defined by the size and number of primary particles. In flame reactors, within a few milliseconds during the early stages of the synthesis process, chemical reaction of the precursor... 

In addition, by scaling the filler size to the nanometer scale, it has been shown that novel material properties can be obtained. Nanoscaled fillers are those having at least one dimension in the range of nanometers (< 100 nm) [3]. When the dimensions of the reinforcement approach the nanometer scale, a number of effects make the properties of the corresponding composites different from those of composites reinforced with micro-scaled fillers. The major influencing factors of the properties of nanocomposites are nanofiller dispersion, dimensions, volume fractions, nature of the matrix material, interfacial properties between filler and matrix, and manufacturing process [4]. 

Improved dispersion of nanoscaled fillers in polymers is expected to lead to better mechanical properties. The question is if by using a nano-modified matrix instead of a laminate with neat polymer as the matrix, in a fiber-reinforced composite can lead to improve delamination resistance. In the case of semicrystalline polymer matrices, the scenario is even more complicated as the microstructure is not only influenced by the processing but also by the presence of nanofillers. The addition of different types of nanoscaled reinforcements such as carbon nanotubes, nanofibers or... 

Abstract This review is dedicated to nanohybrid materials consisting of a polymer-based matrix and a disperse nanoscaled ceramic phase. Different preparation techniques for the synthesis of polymer-ceramic nanohybrid materials will be presented, such as blending techniques, sol-gel processing, in-situ polymeriza-ti(Mi, and self-assembly methods. Selected structural and functional properties of polymer-ceramic nanohybrid materials will be highlighted and discussed within the context of their dependence on parameters such as the homogeneity of the dispersion of the ceramic throughout the polymer matrix, the particle size of the ceramic phase, and the polymer-ceramic interface. Moreover, some advanced applications of polymer-ceramic nanohybrid materials will be addressed and compared with their polymeric counterparts. 

Barsan N, Schweizer-Berberich M, Gopel W (1999) Fundamental and practical aspects in the design of nanoscaled SnOj gas sensors. A status report. Fresenius J Anal Chem 365 287-304 Belin T, Epron F (2005) Characterization methods of carbon nanotubes a review. Mater Sci Eng B 119 105-118 Brinker CJ, Scherer GW (1989) Sol-gel science the physics and chemistry of sol-gel processing. Academic, New York... 

Maison, W., Kleeberg, R., Heimann, R.B., and Phanichphant, S. (2003) Phase content, tetragonality, and crystallite size of nanoscaled barium titanate synthesized by the catacholate process effect of calcination temperature.. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 23,127-132. 

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