Nanogels application

Recently, biodegradable polymers have been used to fabricate macro- and nanometer scale self-assembled systems such as microspheres (MSs), nanospheres (NSs), polymer micelles, nanogels, and polymersomes (Fig. 1). These have attracted growing interest because of their potential utility for drug delivery systems (DDS), tissue engineering, and other applications. To construct these self-assembled systems... 

Nanogels are nanometer-sized hydrogel nanoparticles (less than about 100 nm) with three-dimensional networks of physically crosslinked polymer chains. They have attracted growing interest over the last decade because of their potential for applications in biomedical fields, such as DDS and bioimaging [246-249]. 

Abstract Molecular imprinting has grown considerably over the last decade with more and more applications being developed. The use of this approach for the generation of enzyme-mimics is here reviewed with a particular focus on the most recent achievements using different polymer formats such as microgels and nanogels, beads, membranes and also silica nanoparticles. 

As mentioned above, the preparation of nanogels by addition reactions of functional macromolecular precursors is mainly used for biomedical applications. Thus, the choice of synthetic precursors for microgel formation is restricted to biocompatible materials. Moreover, as most applications are in drug delivery, the molecular weight of the gel precursors should be below the threshold for renal clearance, a value that depends on the molecular architecture and chemical nature of the polymer but that is usually smaller than 30kDa, which is set as the limit for linear PEG [97], Polymers that are mostly used and thus presented in more detail here are PEG, poly(glycidol) (PG), and polyethylene imine) (PEI). 

Oh JK, Drumright R, Siegwart DJ, Matyjaszewski K (2008) The development of micro-gels/nanogels for drug delivery applications. Prog Polym Sci 33(4) 448 177... 

Nanogels for various applications, drug carriers, synovial fluids, etc. — Radiation-induced intramolecular crosslinking has been proposed as a convenient tool for the synthesis of nanogels [23], The method has been suggested as an alternative way of... 

An often applied method for the synthesis of hydrogels, especially for applications in medicine and pharmaceutics, is based on radiochemistry. The hydrogel can be formed by irradiation of monomers, polymers dissolved in water, or polymers in dry state. Electrons of different energies or y-rays are used as high-energy radiation. The possibilities of the radiation-chemical synthesis of smart hydrogels are discussed on different examples. The technique is applied to bulk polymers, to micro- and nanogel particles, and to patterned layers on different materials. The basics and fundamentals of irradiation techniques as well as the equipment are described. 

Oh, J. K., Lee, D. I., and J. M. Park. 2009. Biopolymer-based microgels/nanogels for drug delivery applications. Progress in Polymer Science 34 1261-1282. 

Also aiming at biomedical applications are nanoscaled hydrogels, prepared in inverse miniemulsion. In crosslinked poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate) (POEOMA) nanogels hydrophilic dyes as the polymeric dye (rhodamine isothiocyanate (RITC) dextran) [41], rhodamine in combination with the drug doxorubicin [42] or gold nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin [43] could be encapsulated. 

Although many studies (Ramos et al., 2012 Subhash et al., 2011 Mura et al., 2013 Hoare et al., 2012) have reported the development of nanogels for responsive dmg-delivery applications, there is very little work reported on the application of nanogels to textile fabrics for wound-dressing appUcations. In a 2014 stody the effects of... 

Subhash, D., Mody, H., Baneijee, R., Bahadur, D., Srivastava, R., 2011. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based pol3mer nanogels for drug delivery applications. In 11th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology Portland Marriott, Portland, Oregon, USA, August 15—18, pp. 1741—1744. 

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