Naming systems alkyl halides

According to the lUPAC system, alkyl halides are treated as alkanes with a halogen suhstituent. The halogen prefixes are fluoro-, chloro-, bromo- and iodo-. An alkyl halide is named as a haloalkane with an alkane as the parent structure. 

Name an Alkyl Halide Using the lUPAC System... 

Assign R or 5 to a Stereogenic Center 173 Find and Draw All Possible Stereoisomers for a Compound with Two Stereogenic Centers 177 Alkyl Halides and Nucleophilic Substitution Name an Alkyl Halide Using the lUPAC System 232... 

In the lUPAC system, alkyl halides are named as substituted alkanes. The substituent prefix names for the halogens end with o (i.e., fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo ). Therefore, alkyl halides are often called haloalkanes. 

HOWTO Name Alkanes, Alkyl Halides, and Alcohols The lUPAC System 146... 

HOW TO NAME ALKANES, ALKYL HALIDES, AND ALCOHOLS THE lUPAC SYSTEM... 

Common names for many simple haloalkanes are still widely used, however. In this common nomenclature system, called functional class nomenclature, haloalkanes are named as alkyl halides. (The following names are also accepted by the lUPAC.)... 

In IVPAC SYSTEM, alkyl halides are named as haloalkanes. Their systematic name is obtained by prefixing fiuoro, chloro, bromo or iodo to the name of the parent hydrocarbon. In complex derivatives, the nomeral indicating the position of the halogen atom is prefixed by the conventions of the lUPAC system. 

In a reducing environment, conditions may allow for the same type of mechanism to occur, but with the radical anion of the spin trap as the intermediate. Actually, the possibility of radical ion-mediated spin trapping was first discussed in a study of a reductive system, namely in the search for radical intermediates in the reaction between alkanethiolates and alkyl halides conducted in the presence of TBN [2] (Crozet et al., 1975). TBN is known to trap primary radicals with formation of nitroxides (attack of R at N), and it was therefore anomalous to find alkoxyaminyl radicals (attack of R at O) in the above reaction. It was suggested that the alkanethiolate or some other reductant reduces TBN to its radical anion, which attacks the alkyl halide via oxygen in an SN2 fashion, as in equations (8) and (9) (see p. 129). 

Name the following halides according to lUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides ... 

In naming alkyl halides by the IUPAC system, remember that a halogen is named as a substituent on an alkane. When numbering the alkyl halide, the halogens are numbered in the same way as alkyl groups and are cited alphabetically. 

NaneatABcylHaJIdeVsIrm >h(f IUPAC System Give the IUPAC name of me following alkyl halide ... 

Note the naming of the products, 1-chloropropane and 2-chloropropane. The lUPAC nomenclature rules are exactly the same as described in Sec. 11.7.2. Halogen substituents, named as fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, and iodo-, are handled in the same manner as alkyl groups. The common nomenclature system names alkyl halides by using the name of the alkyl group connected to the halogen followed by the word halide. 1-Chloropropane and 2-chIoropropane are named propyl chloride and isopropyl chloride. This is applicable only to alkyl halides with simple alkyl groups. 

COMPOUNDS CONTAINING a halogen atom covalently bonded to an sp hybridized carbon atom are named haloalkanes or, in the common system of nomenciature, alkyl halldes.Jhe general symbol for an alkyl halide is R—X, where X may be F, Ci, Br, or i ... 

In the common system, haloalkanes are named alkyl halides, where the name is derived by naming the alkyl... 

In common naming system, these compounds are named as alkyl derivatives of hydrogen halides. 

In the lUPAC naming system, the organic halides are named as halo- derivatives of the parent hydrocarbons. The prefix hah- can heflmro-, chloro-, bromo-, or iodo-. Simple alkyl... 

In the lUPAC system, halogen atoms are named fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, and iodo-and are listed in alphabetical order with other substituents. In the common system, they are named alkyl halides. 

The names of the alkyl halides follow the lUPAC system (Chapter 3 and Appendix II) with the halide being given the lowest number consistent with its position. K there is more than one kind of halogen present, that is, a mixed halide, the halogens are listed in alphabetical order, which also takes precedent over their position. Finally, as indicated above, if there is more than one halogen of the same kind (i.e., two bromines, three fluorines), the preflxes di- (for two), tri- (for three), tetra- (for four), and so on, are affixed, but they are not used when considering the alphabetical ordering. 

The lUPAC system for naming alkanes is not difficult to learn, and the principles involved are used in naming compounds in other families as well. For these reasons we begin our study of the lUPAC system with the rules for naming alkanes and then study the rules for alkyl halides and alcohols. 

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