Alkane substitution

For hydrocarbon studies, analyses can be made without prior assumptions, since the carbons not carrying protons can be excited directly, this of course not being the case for hydrogen (e.g., quaternary carbons in alkanes, substituted carbons in aromatic rings). 

The results of kinetic studies suggest that alkane substitution reactions typically proceed by a radical chain mechanism (Section 13.9). The initiation step in the chlorination of methane is the dissociation of chlorine ... 

Alkane substitution takes place by a radical chain mechanism. 

Tantalum hydride(s) also catalyzes the hydrogenolysis of cyclic alkanes (substituted or not) but the reachvity order decreases with the cycle size as cycloheptane > methylcyclohexane > cyclohexane > methylcyclopentane > cyclopentane for the latter no reaction is actually observed (Figure 3.8). Activity decreases with hme and becomes low after 20 h. 

With alkanes, substitution occurs producing alkyl chlorides ... 

Heteroatoms or functional groups can either increase or diminish the rate of autoxidation of alkyl groups. Haloalkanes and alkanes substituted with electron-withdrawing groups are usually more resistant toward homolytic C-H bond cleav-... 

In the addition to this 1-alkyne, the boron bonds to the terminal carbon because it is attached to more hydrogens. The resulting vinylborane can be viewed as a disubstituted alkene and is less hindered than the vinylborane produced from an internal alkyne (a trisubstituted alkene). Because the vinylborane is less hindered, it adds a second boron to produce an alkane substituted on the end carbon with two boron groups. 

Cycloalkanes are named much like acyclic alkanes. Substituted cycloalkanes use the cycloalkane for the base name, with the alkyl groups named as substituents. If there is just one substituent, no numbering is needed. 

Orientation in alkane substitutions (Sec. 3.21) depends upon which hydrogen is replaced orientation in alkene additions depends upon which doubly-bonded carbon accepts Y and which accepts Z of a reagent YZ. 

EC>8-EC10 //-nonane, //-decane, branched chain C9-C10 alkanes, substituted cycloalkanes, a few alkenes... 

Stoddard solvent is not listed in the Contract Laboratory Program Statistical Database (CLPSD) of chemicals detected in groundwater and surface water samples taken only at NPL sites. Stoddard solvent itself, as a hydrocarbon mixture, is not included as a target chemical at NPL sites, but some components of the Stoddard solvent mixture such as alkanes, substituted benzenes, and naphthalenes have been detected in groundwater and surface water samples (CLPSD 1989). However, the presence of these compounds does not necessarily imply contamination by Stoddard solvent. 

Alkane Substitution of hydrogen -> RT Normal hydrocarbon ratio... 

DSC Peak Temperatures of Condensed non substituted and alkane substituted Aromatics... 

The use of hermetically sealed pans gave valid data for only a few substances. It is dubious whether the data in Table 3-15 are true values of the activation energy and the frequency factor from pyrolysis reactions. For example, activation energy E for phenan-threne according to the literature is twice the value found by the experiment using sealed pans. Similarly, the value for tiiphenylmethane (E - 255 kJ/Mol) is markedly lower than the reference value E 347 kJ/Mol). However the values ascertained for the two methyl-pyrenes are in the order of magnitude of other alkane-substituted aromatics. 

What are alkane substitution reactions Provide an example. 

What are the products of this alkane substitution reaction (Assume monosubstitution.)... 

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