Nomenclature functional class

4-chloro-4-oxobutanoic acid 4-(benzoyloxy)butanoic acid 

Functional modifiers are used in binary nomenclature to name anhydrides, e.g. acetic anhydride for (CH3-C0)20, and derivatives of ketones and aldehydes such as oximes, hydrazones and semicarbazones, e.g. acetone oxime for (CH3)2C=NOH. 

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Although substitutive names of the type just described are preferred the lUPAC rules also permit ketones to be named by functional class nomenclature The groups attached to the carbonyl group are named as separate words followed by the word ketone The groups are listed alphabetically... 

Frosts circle (Section 11 19) A mnemonic that gives the Huckel TT MOs for cyclic conjugated molecules and 10ns Functional class nomenclature (Section 4 2) Type of lUPAC nomenclature in which compounds are named according to functional group families The last word in the name... 

The lUPAC rules penrrit alkyl halides to be named in two different ways, called functional class nomenclature and substitutive nomenclature. In functional class nomenclature the alkyl group and the halide (fluoride, chloride, bromide, or iodide) are designated as separate words. The alkyl group is naned on the basis of its longest continuous chain beginning at the carbon to which the halogen is attached. 

Sulfoxides (or selenoxides or telluroxides) and sulfones (or selenones or tellurones) may be named by functional class nomenclature [13]. 

Other minor systems are also in use. Some are traditional, and some are very restricted in their application. These include acid nomenclature (inorganic, for oxoacids and derivatives), replacement nomenclature (mainly organic, to denote replacement of skeletal atoms in a parent rather than replacement of hydrogen atoms — oxa-aza replacement is one variant), functional class nomenclature (this is again principally organic and involves the use of type names such as alcohol, acid and ether) and subtractive nomenclatures (such as organic-deoxy and inorganic-debor). These will all be referred to briefly as appropriate. 

Common names for many simple haloalkanes are still widely used, however. In this common nomenclature system, called functional class nomenclature, haloalkanes are named as alkyl halides. (The following names are also accepted by the lUPAC.)... 

In common functional class nomenclature (Section 2.6) alcohols are called all alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and so on. 

Functional class nomenclature (Section 4.3E) A system for naming compounds that uses two or more words to describe the compound. The final word corresponds to the functional group present the preceding words, usually listed in alphabetical order. 

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