Myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase

GAP-43, growth-associated protein of 43kDa MARCKS, myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate. 

Evidence accumulating from various laboratories has clearly demonstrated that lithium, at therapeutically relevant concentrations, exerts significant effects on the PKC signaling cascade. Current data suggest that chronic lithium attenuates PKC activity, and down-regulates the expression of PKC isozymes V in the frontal cortex and hippocampus [79, 80], Chronic lithium has also been demonstrated to dramatically reduce the hippocampal levels of a major PKC substrate, myristoylated-alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS), which has been implicated in regulating long-term neuroplastic events. 

McLean JH, Darby-King A, Sullivan RM, et al Serotonergic influence on olfactory learning in the neonate rat. Behav Neural Biol 60 152-162, 1993 McNally RJ, Calamari JE Obsessive-compulsive disorder in a mentally retarded woman. Br J Psychiatry 155 116-117, 1989 McNamara RK, Lenox RH Comparative distribution of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) and Fl/GAP-43 gene expression in the adult rat brain. J Comp Neurol 379 48-71, 1997... 

McNamara RK, Lenox RH Distribution of protein kinase C substrates MARCKS and MRP in the postnatal developing rat brain. J Comp Neurol 397 337-356, 1998 McNamara RK, Stumpo DJ, Morel LM, et al Effects of reduced myristoylated alanine rich C-kinase substrate expression on spatial learning in mutant mice transgenic rescue and interaction with gene background. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A95 14517-14522, 1998... 

McNamara RK, Hyde TM, Kleinman JE, et al Expression of the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate [MARCKS) and MARCKS-related protein [MRP) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of suicide victims. J Chn Psychiatry 60 21-26, 1999... 

Watson DG, Watterson JM, Lenox RH. Sodium valproate down-regulates the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate [MARCKS) in immortalized hippocampal cells a property unique to PKC-mediated mood stabilization J Pharmacol Exp Ther 285 307-316, 1998 Watson M, Roeske WR, Yamamura HI Cholinergic receptor heterogeneity, in Psychopharmacology The Third Generation of Progress. Edited by Meltzer HY. New York, Raven, 1987, pp 241-248... 

Of the many substrates of protein kinase C, the MARCKS proteins are highhghted as very well characterized and specific substrates of protein kinase C (review Aderem, 1995). The abbreviation MARCKS stands for myristoylated, alanine-rich C-kinase substrate. 

When a spin-labelled derivative of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate was bound to MARCKS (Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate) the frozen solution EPR spectra exhibited dipolar broadening consistent with distances on the order of 18-22 A, which indicated that more than one spin-labelled substrate was bound to each MARCKS.65... 

Rose SD, Lejen T, Zhang L et al (2001) Chromaffin cell F-actin disassembly and potentiation of catecholamine release in response to protein kinase C activation by phorbol esters is mediated through myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 276 36757-63... 

McNamara RK, Lenox RH. The myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate a lithium-regulated protein Unking ceUular signaling and cytoskeletal plasticity. Clin. Neurosci Res 2004 4 155-69. 

Protein phosphorylation is necessary for the initiation of cell proliferation. Myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) protein is one of the major PKC substrates. MARCKS phosphorylation may contribute to the morphological changes requiring the rearrangement... 

The classic example of a myristoylated protein is the MARCKS protein (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate). MARCKS is an actin filament cross-linking protein regulated by PKC and calcium-calmodulin (Aderem el al., 1988 Hartwig et al, 1992). Myristoylation of MARCKS is required for effective binding to the actin network at the plasma membrane (Thelen et al.,... 

Myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate Myelin basic protein MAP kinase kinase... 

Stumpo, D.J., Graff, J.M., Albert, K.A., Greengard, P. and Blackshear, P.J. (1989) Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA for the bovine myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS). Nucleic Acids Re, . 17 3987-3988. 

Li,H.,Chen,G.,Zhou,B.,andDuan,S. (2008) Actin filament assembly by myristoylated, alanine-rich C kinase substrate-phosphatidylinositol-4,... 

Zhang W, Crocker E, McLaughlin S et al (2003) Binding of peptides with basic and aromatic residues to bilayer membranes phenylalanine in the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate effector domain penetrates into the hydrophobic core of the bilayer. J Biol Chem 278 21459-21466... 

Tinoco et al. provided structural characterization of a neuroblast-specific phosphorylated region of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS), a protein that interacts with actin, Ca -calmodu-lin, and plasma membrane lipids and is specifically phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC). By using high-resolution field-cycling P-NMR spectroscopy and a spin-labeled recombinant PH domain of Akt 1 RAC-a serine/threonine-protein kinase Gradziel et al. provided evidence that anticancer cytotoxic amphiphiles (perifosine and miltefosine) and... 

---