Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections antibiotics

Although erythromycin is a well-established antibiotic, there are relatively few primary indications for its use. These indications include the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, eradication of Corynebacterium diphtheriae from pharyngeal carriers, the early preparox-ysmal stage of pertussis, chlamydial infections, and more recently, the treatment of Legionnaires disease, Campylobacter enteritis, and chlamydial conjunctivitis, and the prevention of secondary pneumonia in neonates. 

Tetracyclines, as broad-spectrum antibiotics, are the drugs of choice in treating Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. Most tetracyclines are absorbed to various degrees (30 to 100%) from the gastrointestinal tract, primarily from the stomach and upper small intestine. The absorption of tetracyclines is hindered by milk and milk products, by numerous antacids such as aluminum hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium carbonate, and by iron preparations such as ferrous sulfate. Therefore, these and similar substances should not be administered orally together with tetracycline (Figure 3.4). 

Broad intravenous antibiotic coverage for the encapsulated organisms can include ceftriaxone or cefotaxime. For patients with true cephalosporin allergy, clindamycin may be used. If staphylococcal infection is suspected owing to previous history or the patient appears acutely ill, vancomycin should be initiated. Macrolide antibiotics, such as erythromycin and azithromycin, may be initiated if Mycoplasma pneumonia is suspected. While the patient is receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics, their regular use of penicillin for prophylaxis can be suspended. Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Because of the risk of dehydration during infection with fever, increased fluid may be needed.6,27... 

Maaolides are appropriate antibiotics for the management of respiratory tract infections because they are active against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci), and atypical organisms such as Legionella pneumophila. Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia pneumoniae. The newer generation macrolides such as clar-... 

The macrolide antibiotics include erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, tylosin, tilmicosin and tiamulin. Clindamycin and lincomycin are related lincosamides. Susceptible bacteria include staphylococci, streptococci, Campylobacter jejunii, Clostridium spp., R. equi, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia spp. Drugs in this group are only effective against a few Gram-negative bacteria in cattle, namely some strains of Pasteurella and Haemophilus spp. Macrolides and lincosamides are associated with causing colitis in horses, so their use is usually restricted to p.o. erythromycin for the treatment of R. equi infections in foals. Subantimicrobial doses of erythromycin are administered i.v. to horses for gastrointestinal prokinetic action. 

Erythromycin - From 4 to 10% of children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections are afflicted with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (primary atypical pneumonia). in the search for more effective ways to combat this infection erythromycin proved to be clearly the most active of 21 commonly used antibiotics against 5 strains of M pneumoniae in vitro.72... 

Erythromycin is the antibiotic of choice when treating respiratory tract infections in legionnaire s disease, whooping cough, and Mycoplasma-based pneumonia because of its ability to inhibit protein synthesis in certain bacteria by... 

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