Legionella pneumophila

Legge-Perthe s disease Leghemoglobin Legionella pneumophila Legionnaires disease... 

The aerosols formed in an open system, if inhaled, can cause various forms of Legionella. No one biocide is adequate to control these, as there are some 30 known groups, the most virulent being Legionella pneumophila. 

For all humidifiers, full consideration should be given to the possibility of the growth of fungi, algae, bacteria, and in particular Legionella pneumophila, the microbiological contamination that causes humidifier fever, etc. 

Legionella pneumophila (LD) Infections, particularly pneumonia, caused by inhaling Legionella pneumophila and other bacteria from the family Legionel-laceas in water droplets drifting from cooling towers, showers, etc. 

Cooling towers and evaporative condensers release into the atmosphere fine droplets of water, which may carry sources of contamination such as algae and bacteria. Many of these thrive at the temperatures to be expected in water cooling systems and one of them, Legionella pneumophila, has been identified as a particular hazard to health. Cooling apparatus should be cleaned and disinfected frequently to reduce these risks of contamination and should not be located where water droplets can be drawn into ventilation air intakes. 

It is now some 20 years since the recognition of Legionella pneumophila in condenser water, and the measures taken by industry to combat the hazards to human health. Worldwide indications are that the initial vigilance and care have lessened in recent years and attention is now drawn again to such precautions [2 7, 28, 28a, 28b]. 

Delaedt Y, Daneels A, Declerck P et al (2008) The impact of electrochemical disinfection on Escherichia coli and Legionella pneumophila in tap water. Microbiol Res 163(2) 192-199... 

Roxithromycin has similar in vitro activity to erythromycin but enters leucocytes and macrophages more rapidly with higher concentrations in the lysosomal component of the phagocytic cells. It is likely to become an important drug against Legionella pneumophila. Clarithromycin is also of potential value. 

Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the commonest cause of pneumonia and responds well to penicillin. In addition, a number of atypical infections may cause pneumonia and include Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, psittacosis and occasionally Q fever. With psittacosis there may be a history of contact with parrots or budgerigars while Legionnaires disease has often been acquired during hotel holidays... 

Community Typical S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis Atypical M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila... 

Patients admitted to the intensive-care unit (ICU) have severe pneumonia, and the etiology includes S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae as in the other categories however, the incidence of Legionella pneumophila increases in this setting and should be included in the organism differential. In addition, enteric gramnegative bacilli and S. aureus are more frequently the cause of the pneumonia. The recommendations are to treat with an... 

Enterobacter species Proteus species Serratia species Legionella pneumophila... 

The potential health hazards associated with the presence of Legionella Pneumophila in water systems where aerosols can be created have been well documented0,2). 

For the treatment of a patient with Legionella pneumophila, the drug of choice would be... 

Material Safety Data Sheet-Infectious Substances Legionella pneumophila. April 23, 2001. 

Legionella pneumophila, the bacterium that causes legionnaire s disease. 

---