Muscular rigidity

Parkinson s disease. A degenerative neurologic condition manifested by tremor and muscular rigidity. 

Tetanus is a disease caused by the release of neurotoxins from the anaerobic, spore-forming rod Clostridium tetani. The clostridial protein, tetanus toxin, possesses a protease activity which selectively degrades the pre-synaptic vesicle protein synaptobrevin, resulting in a block of glycine and y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from presynaptic terminals. Consistent with the loss of neurogenic motor inhibition, symptoms of tetanus include muscular rigidity and hyperreflexia. The clinical course is characterized by increased muscle tone and spasms, which first affect the masseter muscle and the muscles of the throat, neck and shoulders. Death occurs by respiratory failure or heart failure. 

Do not abruptly discontinue use of the antiparkinsonism drugs Neuroleptic malignant-like syndrome may occur when the antiparkinsonism drugs are discontinued or the dosage of levodopa is reduced abruptly. The nurse carefully observes the patient and reports the following symptoms muscular rigidity, elevated body temperature, and mental changes... 

Musculoskeletal Effects. Muscular rigidity was observed in humans after acute cyanide poisoning (Grandas et al. 1989) and rhabdomyolysis, a clinical syndrome characterized by skeletal muscle injury, was observed in a man who ingested 0.57 mg CNVkg in a suicide attempt (Saincher et al. 1994). 

Spasmolytics. These include atropine (III), which as already explained dilates the pupil of the eye and finds use as a mydriatic in ophthalmology and for the relief of visceral spasm (see also p. 36 and fig. 7). In addition, it has a direct action on the blood vessels causing vasodilatation. It reduces secretions of the salivary, bronchial and sweat glands. Atropine has a peculiar action on the lower motor centres and diminishes the tremor and muscular rigidity of the disease known as Parkinsonism. CH,—CH—CH, Ph... 

Some mental disorders also appear to result from disruption of the natural flow of neurotransmitters between neurons. For example, scientists now believe that the disorder known as Parkinson s disease may result from a deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Parkinson s disease is characterized by muscular rigidity, tremor while the person is at rest, difficulty in initiating movement (a condition known as hradykinesia), slowness of voluntary movement, difficulty with balance, and difficulty with walking. When the neuronal cells that produce dopamine begin to deteriorate, they release less of the neurotransmitter the normal flow of dopamine between cells is reduced and disruptions of normal nerve patterns develop, as evidenced by the symptoms described. 

Skeletal muscle r/g /cf/fy Alfentanil, fentanyl, and sufentanil may cause skeletal muscle rigidity, particularly of the truncal muscles. The incidence and severity of muscle rigidity is usually dose-related. Alfentanil, fentanyl, and sufentanil may produce muscular rigidity that involves all skeletal muscles, including those of the neck and extremities. 

Tapering of dose Cases of a symptom complex resembling neuroleptic malignant syndrome characterized by elevated temperature, muscular rigidity, altered consciousness, and elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) have been reported in association with the rapid dose reduction or withdrawal of other dopaminergic drugs. 

Papilloma. A benign epithelial neoplasm producing finger-like or verrucous projections from the epithelial surface. Parakeratosis. Persistence of the nuclei of the keratinocytes into the stratum corneum (horny layer) of the skin. Parakeratosis is normal in the epithelium of true mucous membrane of the mouth and vagina. Parkinson s disease. Neurological disorder characterized by hypokinesia, tremor, and muscular rigidity. 

Relief of symptoms, such as an improvement of masklike facial expression, muscular rigidity, shuffling gait, and resting tremors of the hands and head... 

Too-rapid withdrawal from therapy may produce withdrawal-emergent hyperpyrexia, characterized by fever, muscular rigidity, and altered level of consciousness (LOG). 

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare, medication-induced syndrome that may be due to dopamine receptor blockade in the basal ganglia. An altered level of consciousness, autonomic instability, hyperthermia, and severe muscular rigidity typically... 

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