Muscle selenium

Ullrey, D.E., W.G. Youatt, and P.A. Whetter. 1981. Muscle selenium concentrations in Michigan deer. Jour. Wildl. Manage. 45 534-536. 

In 1956 selenium was identified (123) as an essential micronutrient iu nutrition. In conjunction with vitamin E, selenium is effective iu the prevention of muscular dystrophy iu animals. Sodium selenite is adrninistered to prevent exudative diathesis iu chicks, a condition iu which fluid leaks out of the tissues white muscle disease iu sheep and infertility iu ewes (see Eeed ADDITIVES). Selenium lessens the iacidence of pneumonia iu lambs and of premature, weak, and stillborn calves controls hepatosis dietetica iu pigs and decreases muscular inflammation iu horses. White muscle disease, widespread iu sheep and cattle of the selenium-deficient areas of New Zealand and the United States, is insignificant iu high selenium soil areas. The supplementation of animal feeds with selenium was approved by the U.S. EDA iu 1974 (see Eeed additives). Much of selenium s metaboHc activity results from its involvement iu the selenoproteia enzyme, glutathione peroxidase. 

Chvojka, R. 1988. Mercury and selenium in axial white muscle of yellowtail kingfish from Sydney, Australia. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 19 210-213. 

Drinking water of weanling males contained 150 mg CN/L for 9 weeks Significant reduction in glutathione activity, and in selenium concentrations in blood, kidney, liver, and muscle 35... 

Wyoming muscle animals had access to forage grown on medium up to 5.0 mg/L water-soluble selenium) to high (>10 mg Se/L) American bison, Bison bison (adequate selenium) 0.5 FW 1.7 DW 95... 

Selenomethionine group had altered immune function, altered serum enzyme activities, and elevated concentrations of selenium in liver (4 times control values) and breast muscle (14 times). Sodium selenite-treated birds had normal immune function and selenium tissue burdens however, serum enzyme activity was disrupted in the 3.5 mg/L group Adults normal. Impaired reproduction (reduced survival of ducklings, increased developmental abnormalities) for selenomethionine occurs between 4 and 8 mg/kg ration selenocysteine did not impair reproduction at 16 mg Se/kg ration... 

Cappon, C.J. and J.C. Smith. 1981. Mercury and selenium content and chemical form in fish muscle. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 10 305-319. 

Leonzio, C., S. Focardi, and E. Bacci. 1982. Complementary accumulation of selenium and mercury in fish muscle. Sci. Total Environ. 24 249-254. 

Waddell, B. and T. May. 1995. Selenium concentrations in the razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) substitution of non-lethal muscle plugs for muscle tissue in contaminant assessment. Arch. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol. 28 321-326. 

Selenium Organ meats, seafood, muscle meats, cereals and grains Component of glutathione peroxidase lodothyronine deiodinase, thioredoxin reductase... 

Selenium is a significant component of the enzymatic system of the glutafion for antioxidant protection. It is included in the composition of 200 enzymes engaged in different biochemical reactions, demonstrates the immune-tropic, antiteratogenic and anticancer properties, betters the functional state of muscles, especially myocarditis, and takes part in hormones synthesis of the thyroid gland. Selenium s deficit in soil is the cause of hearth deficiency in endemic zones. 

Excess selenium intake can occur in both animals and humans living in areas with elevated selenium in the soil. Most grass and grains do not accumulate selenium, but when an animal consumes plants that do accumulate selenium (some up to 10,000 mg/kg) they can develop a condition called the blind staggers . Symptoms include depressed appetite, impaired vision, and staggering in circles and can ultimately lead to paralysis and death. Humans are susceptible to similar effects as well as additional neurological effects. Selenium deficiency results in heart disorders, skeletal muscle effects, and liver damage. 

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