Mouse-Specific Locus Test

Russell, L.B., Selby, P.B., von Halle, E., Sheridan, W. and Valcovic, L. The mouse specific-locus test with agents other than radiations Interpretation of data and recommendations for future work. Mutat. Res. 86 329-354, 1981. 

Russell, L.B., Hunsicker, PR. Cacheiro, N.L.A. (1986) Mouse specific-locus test for the induc-... 

SLP, Mouse specific locus test, (101/El x C3H E1)I mice. (+) 200 ip X 1 Ehling Neuhauser-Klaus... 

Mammals Mutation Mouse Specific-locus test... 

TABLE 6-2 Comparison of the Results of 17 Compounds Tested in Both the Mouse Specific-Locus Test and the Drosophila X-linked Lethal Testa... 

Russell, W.L. Factors affecting mutagenicity of ethylnitrosourea in the mouse specific-locus test and their bearing on risk estimation, pp. 59-70. In... 

A few examples include the mouse specific-locus test for germ-cell mutagenesis (Russell 1994 Russell 1989), tests for forward and reverse mutations in the ad-3 region of Neurospora crassa (de Serres and Kolmark 1958), the Tradescantia stamen-hair system (Underbrink et al. 1973), and the rlllocus test for bacteriophage T4 (Drake 1963). Many others could be noted. 

Searle, A.G. (1984). The specific locus test in the mouse. In Handbook of Mutagenicity Test Procedures (Kilbey, B.J., Legator, M., Nichols, W. and Ramel, C., Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 373-391. 

Mouse biochemical specific locus test (August 1998)... 

The Mouse Visible Specific Locus Test (MSLT)... 

Positive results in the Mouse Biochemical Specific Locus Test (MBSL) and/or in the Mouse Visible Specific Locus Test (MSLT) indicate that the test substance induces heritable gene mutations in a mammahan species. 

MBSL Mouse Biochemical Specific Locus Test... 

Barnett, L.B., Lovell, D.P.., Felton, C.F., Gibson, B.J., Cobb, R.R., Sharpe, D.S., Shelby, M.D. Lewis, S.E. (1992) Ethylene dibromide negative results with the mouse dominant lethal asssay and the electrophoretic specific locus test. Mutat. Res., 282, 127-133... 

There are many possible ways in which mammalian tests can be combined to yield more information per mouse. For example, if one is willing to decrease the rate at which offspring are evaluated in specific-locus tests, the same offspring can be observed for cataracts or other effects. The dominant-cataract-mutation test, in its present form, is done in this way.221 Also, male parents used for dominant-lethal tests on postspermatogonial stages can be used for other tests on spermatogonia. 

If the previous tests do not suffice for a decision, further testing in mammals is indicated. If the purpose is to get mammalian germinal data on whether a substance produces mutations, the specific-locus test is suitable because of its low background rate and the extent to which the test has been performed. It should be recognized, however, that chemicals that yield inconclusive results in short-term tests are likely to yield negative or inconclusive results in mouse tests. The dominant-lethal test may be used if the expected effect is chromosomal. 

Russell, W.L., E.M. Kelly, P.R. Hunsicker, J.W. Bangham, S.C. Maddux, and E.L. Phipps. Specific-locus test shows ethylnitrosourea to be the most potent mutagen in the mouse. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76 5818-5819, 1979. 

Winton DJ, Gooderham NJ, Boobis AR, et al. 1990. Mutagenesis of mouse intestine in vivo using the Dlb-1 specific locus test studies with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, dimethylnitrosamine, and the dietary mutagen 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-/ quinoxaline. Cancer Res 50 7992-7996. 

For further screening of the most crucial chemicals, a mouse test may be necessary. To test whether a chemical is mutagenic in mammalian germ cells, a specific-locus... 

An advantage of this sort of test is that it is much easier and more rapid than dominant-lethal tests, chromosomal-aberration studies, and specific-locus mutation experiments. Because the test is done in vivo, activation of the test chemical is possible in the germ cells themselves or in other organs that might then release the active compound to the circulatory system and thereby cause an interaction with the germ cells. For most of the chemicals looked at, the measurement of DNA repair in mouse germ cells appears to be a considerably more sensitive biologic end point than measurement of dominant lethals or translocations. 

---