Mosaic Law

Those who believed that they were freed from the Mosaic law of the Old Testament by Christ s living, redeeming grace. They tended to be anti-scripturalist and anticlerical, and to sin purposefully to show that they were free in Christ. 

The Mosaic law established several specific customs to benefit orphans, widows, and strangers. First, the law required that each year the... 

Hebrews surrender a tenth of their harvest for God and the priests. Every third year the laws of Deuteronomy required that a portion of these tithes be used to assist orphans and widows (Deut 14 22-29). This custom continued among the Jews at least until the Second Temple period, circa 300 b.c. (Tob 1 8). Second, the law mandated that orphans should share in the communal meals celebrating the Pentecost (Deut i6 ii), a law which contrasts sharply with the Homeric image of the fallen Hector s boy ejected from the festival meals of his father s former companions (Iliad, 22.496 8). Third, the Mosaic law allowed orphans to glean the fields after the harvest they had the right to shafts of wheat left in the fields or to olives and grapes still on the branches (Deut 24 19-24). 

When I raised the question of a conflict between pacifism and Law, the interpretation given to Law was the Mosaic Law. No notion seemed to exist of a possible conflict between authority of the State and the Authority of the conscience. The only person who seemed to get my point was one of the Barkers, a bitter faced man very fond of argumentation, more intelligent and better read (or a better reader) than the others, who seems to be heartily disliked by the other men, who, apparently, are more successful farmers, but not as sophisticated. Barker was the only one of the elder men who had on a store suit instead of overalls. He was not the Barker who is the Secretary. 

Environmental toxicology is concerned with the movement of toxicants and their metabolites and degradation products in the environment and in food chains and with the effect of such contaminants on individuals and, especially, populations. Because of the large number of industrial chemicals and possibilities for exposure, as well as the mosaic of overlapping laws that govern such exposure, this area of applied toxicology is well developed. 

Another attempt to overcome the phenomenological character of nonequilibrium thermodynamics is called mosaic nonequilibrium thermodynamics. In the formulation of mosaic nonequilibrium thermodynamics, a complex system is considered a mosaic of a number of independent building blocks. The species and each process are separately described and hence the biochemical and biophysical structures of the system are included in the description. The mosaic nonequilibrium thermodynamics model can be expanded to complex physical and biological systems by adding the well-characterized steps. These steps obey the thermodynamic laws and kinetic principles. 

The crystal to IP distances for 0.5 A and 0.3 A are, of course, increased. This is advantageous because of the inverse square law effect in reducing the background under the diffraction spot. However, a crystal to film distance of, say, 0.5 m with a 1 mrad divergence beam would lead to a sizeable increase in the diffraction spot size (i.e. by 0.5mm). On an undulator, however, beam divergences are intrinsically —0.1 mrad and so the spot size over a 0.5 m distance would only increase by 0.05 mm due to this effect (table 6.4). Mosaic spreads of specimens also need to be narrow but —0.1 mrad is a quite reasonable expectation for these samples (Helliwell (1988) and Colapietro, Helliwell, Spagna and Thompson, unpublished, see figure 2.8(c)). 

While this knowledge relates to Liberality, discussed in Chapter 7, it would also have included those laws first revealed to Moses in the wilderness. These were the Mosaic rules governing tithes, shewbread, wine-libations and sacrifices. ... 

The behavior of intracellular water (especially its colligative properties) is affected by interactions of water with biomacromolecules and low-molecular compounds dissolved in water due to the Raoult law (Frolov 1982, Chaplin 2011). This inflnence can cover both signals. Signal 2 at 8g 1 ppm can be linked to intracellular WAW located in small voids at the boundary of hydrophilic and hydro-phobic intracellular (mosaic) structures. Typically, low-molecular compounds cannot be dissolved in WAW but these compounds can be at the bonndary of WAW clnsters and prevent the formation of SAW structures. Relative contribution of WAW decreases with increasing water content because conditions become more favorable for the formation of SAW structures. With increasing size of SAW structures, the water activity as a solvent inCTeases and it can dissolve low-molecular compounds in contrast to WAW. 

To become more quantitative, we note that various factors contribute to the structure factor in smectics. These include in particular the finite size of the sample and the effects of the mosaic distribution [see (12) in Sect. 4.1]. For the present discussion we shall simplify things somewhat and emphasize (a) the broadening of the central part of the X-ray peak due to the finite size, //(q), and (b) the possible power-law behavior in the tails of the peak. Let us start with the finite-size term. As discussed in some detail by Obraztsov et al. [7], a suitable distribution function to describe the central part of the X-ray peaks is given by ... 

E. Resolution. The Bragg law was derived under ideal conditions (the use of a monochromatic, perfectly parallel beam and of a perfect crystal). In practice, the diffracted beam has a wavelength spread that depends on the divergence of the incident beam (this beam is not monochromatic) and the mosaic spread of the crystal. (The mosaic spread is taken up in Section F below.)... 

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