Morphology, studies nuclear magnetic resonance

The dispersion morphology of prepared materials was studied with a multitechnique approach, by means of rheology, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results of these tests showed that the so formulated PA6 nanocomposites used in the present study are fully exfoliated [1,2],... 

In the author s opinion, the better approach to experimentally study the morphology of the silica surface is with the help of physical adsorption (see Chapter 6). Then, with the obtained, adsorption data, some well-defined parameters can be calculated, such as surface area, pore volume, and pore size distribution. This line of attack (see Chapter 4) should be complemented with a study of the morphology of these materials by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning probe microscopy (SPM), or atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the characterization of their molecular and supramolecular structure by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry, thermal methods, and possibly with other methodologies. 

Callaghan, P. T., Coy, A., Halpin, T. P. J., MacGowan, D., Packer, K. J., and Zelaya, F. O. (1992). Diffusion in porous systems and the influence of pore morphology in pulsed gradient spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance studies. J. Chem. Phys. 97, 651-662. 

Allen, S.G., Mallett, M.J.D., and Strange, J.H. 2001. Morphology of porous media studied by nuclear magnetic resonance line shapes and spin-echo decays. J. Chem. Phys. 114 3258-3264. 

Copolymer resin (p-CAF) was synthesized by the condensation of p-cresol and adipamide with formaldehyde in the presence of hydrochloric acid as catalyst and using varied molar ratios of reacting monomers. A composition of the copolymers has been determined on the basis of their elemental analysis. The number average molecular weight of resins was determined by conductometric titration in non-aqueous medium. The copolymer resins were characterized by viscometric measurements in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), UV-visible absorption spectra in non-aqueous medium, infrared (IR) spectra, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The morphology of the copolymers was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 

Our investigations of this system center on four aspects. First, to establish that the compatible mixtures indeed represent the thermodynamically stable states at room temperature second, to find the upper phase boundary of the mixtures third, to explore the use of nuclear magnetic resonance to study molecular motion which allows us to draw conclusions about the scale of homogeneity of mixing and fourth, to study the morphology and kinetics of phase separation, in particular, spinodal decomposition associated with LCST. 

Starch and its blends have attracted much attention as environmentally biodegradable polymers (29-31). However they suffer fi-om disadvantages as compared with conventional polymers and blends such as brittleness and a narrow processability window (32). The thermal behavior and phase morphology of starch-blend systems have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy solvent extraction. X-ray diffraction, optical rotation, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and polarizing optical microscopy (33-36). Like polymer blends wide applications starch-based blends have the potential to be... 

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