Nuclear morphology

These more mature cell types are incapable of division and are identified by their nuclear morphology, granule content and accumulation of glycogen particles. In a mature neutrophil there are 200-300 granules, with the specific granules being about twice as abundant as azurophilic granules. 

Abstract Alteration of nuclear morphology is often used by pathologist as diagnostic marker... 

Other assays are being explored in HTS platforms to identify potential inhibitors of invasion, for example, compounds that affect the shape or morphology of cells or their ability to generate invadopodia. Quintavalle et al. recently described such a method initially using Src-transformed NIH 3T3 fibroblasts grown on 384-well optical plates. Imaging of cellular and nuclear morphology combined with phalloidin-stained F-actin was used to discriminate compounds which reduced (or enhanced) the number of... 

Hunt, N. C. A., Attanoos, R., and Jasani, B. 1996. High temperature antigen retrieval and loss of nuclear morphology A comparison of microwave and autoclave techniques. J. Clin. Pathol. 49-101-110. 

Unlike the mitotic arrest seen in cancer cells, in coronary artery SMCs, paclitaxel induced a primary and postmitotic Gl arrest (49,52). Coronary artery SMCs arrested in G I remained metabolically active, becoming senescent over time (52), Furthermore, coronary artery SMCs exposed to paclitaxel maintained normal cellular and nuclear morphology (Fig. 5),... 

K.B. Pasumarthi, B.W. Doblc, E. Kardami, and P.A. Cattini, Over-expression of CUG- or AUG-initi-ated forms of basic fibroblast growth factor in cardiac myocytes results in similar effects on mitosis and protein synthesis but distinct nuclear morphologies, J Mol Cell Cardiol 26,1045-1060 (1994). 

K.B. Pasumarthi, E. Kardami, and P.A. Cattini, High and low molecular weight fibroblast growth factor-2 increase proliferation of neonatal rat cardiac myocytes but have differential effects on binucleation and nuclear morphology. Evidence for both paracrine and intracrine actions of fibroblast growth factor-2, Circ Res 78, 126-136 (1996). 

Fig. 1. Electron micrograph demonstrating nuclear morphological changes during apoptosis in postovulatory follicle cell of Astyanax bimaculatus lacustris. Arrowheads indicate marginalization of chromatin into moon-shaped fragments in the periphery of the nucleus (N). Micrograph image courtesy of Drummond et al.36.

The transition from a normal to a cancerous state of cells may proceed via a multistep sequence of events (atypia, dysplasia, neoplasia) that cannot be diagnosed with certainty from the cellar or nuclear morphology. 

Fig. 1. Exocrine pancreas from a rat treated with l-cyano-2-hydroxy-3-butene, a naturally occurring phyochemical that induces widespread pancreatic apoptosis within 12 h of a 200 mg/kg oral dose. Arrows point to pancreatic acinar cells with the typical apoptotic nuclear morphology (i.e., homogeneous chromatin crescents or caps with intact nuclear membrane). The arrowhead indicates an apoptotic body in which the nucleus is not in the plane of section. Hematoxylin and eosin, bar = 25 pm.

Diethofencarb affected the nuclear morphology of the F914 strain scattered nuclei were apparent. This was similar to the effect of MBC on the wild type strain. Thus the mode of action of diethofencarb in the F914 strain resembles that of MBC in the wild type strain. We noted similar findings in the case of B. cinerea treated with MBC and MDPC (21). 

The structures, the interactions, and the dynamics of proteins are fundamental to their function. The dynamic properties of proteins in the nucleus are essential for their function in nuclear architecture and gene expression. High mobility of proteins ensures their availability throughout the nucleus and the dynamic interaction creates the architectural framework for nuclear processes. Thus, nuclear morphology is shaped by the functional interactions of nuclear protein components. Studies with fluorescently tagged protein molecules reveal high mobility, compartmentation, and repeated transient interactions. 

Tabk 1. Factors involved m nuclear morphologic chaises during cell death programs... 

---