Monod. Jacques

K+ complex 415s synthesis 872 Monocytes 26,188 Monod, Jacques 84... 

Monod/Jacques-Lucien (1910-76) French biochemist who worked with Frangois Jacob on messenger RNA. In Chance and Necessity he proposed that humans are the product of... 

Monod, Jacques Lucien (1910-76) A French biochemist noted for his work on the study of molecular biology. He studied first in Paris before working at Columbia University having gained a Rockerfeller Fellowship. He gained his PhD from the Sorbonne for his work on bacterial growth. He joined the French Resistance during the Second... 

Monod, Jacques (1971) Chance and Necessity An Essay on the Natural Philosophy of Modem Biology, trans. A. Wainhouse, New York, Alfred A. Knopf... 

Monod kinetics Kinetics of microbial cell growth as a function of substrate concentration proposed by Jacques Monod and widely used to understand growth-substrate relationships. 

In 1965, Jacques Monod, Jeffries Wyman, and Jean-Pierre Changeux proposed a theoretical model of allosteric transitions based on the observation that allosteric proteins are oligomers. They suggested that allosteric proteins can exist in (at least) two conformational states, designated R, signifying relaxed, and T, or taut, and that, in each protein molecule, all of the subunits have the same conformation (either R or T). That is, molecular symmetry is conserved. Molecules of mixed conformation (having subunits of both R and T states) are not allowed by this model. 

The lack of structural similarity between a feedback inhibitor and the substrate for the enzyme whose activity it regulates suggests that these effectors are not isosteric with a substrate but allosteric ( occupy another space ). Jacques Monod therefore proposed the existence of allosteric sites that are physically distinct from the catalytic site. Allosteric enzymes thus are those whose activity at the active site may be modulated by the presence of effectors at an allosteric site. This hypothesis has been confirmed by many lines of evidence, including x-ray crystallography and site-directed mutagenesis, demonstrating the existence of spatially distinct active and allosteric sites on a variety of enzymes. 

Institut Jacques Monod, 2 Place Jussieu, 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France... 

Michele Reboud-Ravaux, Enzymologie Moleculaire et Fonctionnelle, FRE 2852, CNRS-Universite Paris 6, T43, Institut Jacques Monod, 2 place Jussieu, 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France... 

GEN.16. J. Amery und I. Prigogine, Die tragische Philosophie Jacques Monods (The tragic philosophy of Jacques Monod), Merkur 25, 1108-115. 

In 1939, as part of his thesis, Jacques Monod proposed the equation which we use here. The thesis was published as a book in 1948 and was later condensed and translated into English in 1949 (see end-of-chapter reference). In microbiology they use the terms... 

J. Breton, Jacques Monod Conference Regulation of Photosynthesis , Photosynt. Res., 1998, 55,119. 

The first model was proposed by Jacques Monod, Jeffries Wyman, and Jean-Pierre Changeux in 1965, and is called the MWC model or the concerted model... 

Frangois Jacob and Jacques Monod, article in Journal of Molecular Biology, 1961... 

Andre Lwolf, Jacques Monod, and Francois Jacob Physiology/Medicine Messenger RNA, regulation of transcription... 

Two quite different models were proposed about 25 years ago to explain the unusual nature of the hemoglobin oxygen-binding curve (fig. 5.14). These models can also be used as a starting point for discussing other allosteric proteins. The first model, introduced by Jacque Monod, Jeffery Wyman, and Pierre Changeux in 1965, is called the symme-... 

In merodiploids of the type o+z+/ocz+. -galactosidase is constitutively expressed, showing that the oc allele is dominant to o+ in this situation. In merodiploids of the type ocz+/o+z the oc-allele is dominant also but in ocz /o+z+, it is recessive. Thus, the oc-allele is dominant only when it is located cis to the structural genes it influences. From this result, Fran ois Jacob and Jacques Monod inferred that o+ — oc mutations correspond to a modification of the DNA structure that affects the ability of the repressor to bind. 

C. Auge, P. Francois, and A. Lubineau, Jacques Monod Conference on Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Glycoconjugates, Aussois, France, October 22-27, 1990. 

At present, at least 10 different proteins have been shown to behave in this bi-functional way, but how rare this property is for transporters generally is, at present, unclear. The examples reinforce the dictum of Jacques Monod— Nature is a tinkerer. While it is indeed remarkable that a protein can be engineered to have... 

There are essentially two types of control mechanisms for biochemical switching allosteric cooperative transition and reversible chemical modification. Allosteric cooperativity, which was discussed in Chapter 4, was discovered in 1965 by Jacques Monod, Jefferies Wyman, and Jean-Picrrc Changeux [143], and independently by Daniel Koshland, George Nemethy and David Filmer [116]. The molecular basis of this phenomenon, which is well understood in terms of three-dimensional protein crystal structures and protein-ligand interaction, is covered in every biochemistry textbook [147] as well as special treatises [215],... 

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