Molecularly imprinted polymer sensors

A.L. Jenkins, R. Yin, and J.L. Jensen, Molecularly imprinted polymer sensors for pesticide and insecticide detection in water. Analyst 126, 798-802 (2001). 

Greene NT, Morgan SL, Shimizu KD. Molecularly imprinted polymer sensor arrays. Chem Commiin 2004 1172-1173. 

Greene, N. T. Shimizu, K. D., Colorimetric molecularly imprinted polymer sensor array using dye displacement,./. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005,127, 5695-5700... 

Boyd, J.W., Cobb, G.P, Southard, G.E., and Murray, G.M., 2004. Development of molecularly imprinted polymer sensors for chemical warfare agents, Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Digest, 25. pp. 44-49. 

Figure 5.28 Four imprinted polymers tested in an array against three different analytes to produce different patterns of recognition. N. T. Greene, S. L. Morgan and K. D. Shimizu, Molecularly imprinted polymer sensor arrays, Chem. Commun, 2004, 1 172-1 173. Reproduced by permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Takeuchi and co-workers (18) coupled combinatorial techniques with molecular imprinted polymers to develop sensors for triazine herbicides. The library consisted of a 7 x 7 array containing different fractions of monomers methacrylic acid (MAA) and 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid (TFMAA) with constant concentrations of the imprint molecules ametryn or atrazine. After UV-initiated polymerization, the products from the sensor library were characterized by HPLC measurement of herbicide concentration. The receptor efficiency was observed to vary with monomer type the atrazine receptor efficiency increased with MAA composition and the ametryn receptor was enhanced by increased fractions of TFMAA. Although only monomer concentration was varied in the hbraries, the authors conclude that the CM synthetic approach would be usefiil in analyzing other variables such as solvent, cross-linking agent, and polymerization conditions to produce optimum molecularly imprinted polymer sensors. 

Hillberg, A.L. Brain, K.R. Allender, C.J. (2005). Molecular imprinted polymer sensors Implications for therapeutics. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 57,1875-1889. 

B.B. Prasad, M.P. Tiwari, R. Madhuri and P.S. Sharma, Enatioselective quantitative separation of D- and L-thyroxine by molecularly imprinted micro-solid phase extraction silver fiber coupled with complementary molecularly imprinted polymer-sensor, / Chromatogr. 

B.B. Prasad, A. Srivastava and M.P. Tiwari, Highly selective and sensitive analysis of dopamine by molecularly imprinted stir bar sorptive extraction technique coupled with complementary molecularly imprinted polymer sensor, J. Colloid Inter/. Set, 396 234-241, 2013. 

B.B. Prasad, S. Srivastava, K. Tiwari and PS. Sharma, Trace-level sensing of dopamine in real samples using molecularly imprinted polymer-sensor, Biochem. Eng. J., 44 (2-3) 232-239, 2009. 

SENSORS BASED ON FREE-STANDING MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER MEMBRANES. COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING OF SYNTHETIC MIMICKS OF BIORECEPTORS... 

The development of highly selective chemical sensors for complex matrixes of medical, environmental, and industrial interest has been the object of greate research efforts in the last years. Recently, the use of artificial materials - molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) - with high recognition properties has been proposed for designing biomimetic sensors, but only a few sensor applications of MIPs based on electrosynythesized conductive polymers (MIEPs) have been reported [1-3]. 

Zougagh, M., Valcarcel, M., and Rios, A., Automatic selective determination of caffeine in coffee and tea samples by using a supported liquid membrane-modified piezoelectric flow sensor with molecularly imprinted polymer. Trends Anal. Chem., 23, 399, 2004. 

Haupt K. and Mosbach K., Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Then Use in Biomimetic Sensors, Chem Rev 2000 100 2495-2504. 

Molecularly imprinted polymers have recently attracted much attention because they are denoted as artificial antibodies which are made from simple chemical components via polymerization and can be used for the preparation ofbiomimetic sensors, affinity separation matrices, catalysts, etc. (Figure 1). 

Diaz-Garcia M.E., Badia R., Molecularly imprinted polymers for optical sensing devices" in Optical Sensors Industrial, Environmental and Diagnostic Applications, R. Narayanaswamy, O. S. Wolfbeis, (Eds.), Springer, 2004. 

The scientists from Hong Kong reported83 on a sol-gel derived molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) based luminescent sensing material that made use of a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism for a sensing of a non-fluorescent herbicide - 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. A new organosilane, 3 - [N,V-bis(9-anthrylmethyl)amino]propyltriethoxysilane, was synthesized and use as the PET sensor monomer. The sensing MIPs material was fabricated by a conventional sol-gel process. 

The concept is extendable to templated sensors made of protein templated xerogels in which a luminescent reporter group is further added in close proximity to the template site so as to effectively transduce the protein-molecularly imprinted polymer binding event (Figure 6.12).11... 

In conclusion, molecularly imprinted polymers and related materials have every potential to become popular tools in analytical chemistry, catalysis, and sensor technology. Obviously this will require further research, especially in the problem areas of MI mentioned above. Nevertheless, the author of this contribution fully expects that in the near future MIP will become real competitors for biological enzymes or antibodies, and thus will have a major impact on the whole area of biotechnology. 

This chapter will introduce the field of sensors based on molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs). MIPs are highly cross-finked polymers that are formed with the presence of a template molecule (Haupt and Mosbach 2000 Wulff 2002). The removal of the template molecule from the polymer matrix creates a binding cavity that is complementary in size and shape to the template molecule and is fined with appropriately positioned recognition groups (Scheme 15.1). 

Figure 15.7 Response of the molecular imprinted polymer quartz crystal microbalance (MIP-QCM) sensor to monoterpene analogues ( ) L-menthol, (A) D-menthol, ( ) citronel-lol, (A) citronellal, and (O) menthone. Reprinted from Percival et al. (2001). Copyright 2001 American Chemical Society.

Figure 15.9 Competitive morphine sensor response as a function of the morphine concentration (0-10 p-g/mL) present in the solution. Three sensor types were examined morphine molecular imprinted polymer (M-MIP), reference (O-MIP), and agarose-covered platinum electrode (Pt-Ag). Reprinted from Kriz and Mosbach (1995). Copyright 1995 Elsevier Science.

Blanco-Lopez MC, Lobo-Castanon MJ, Miranda-Ordieres AJ, Tunon-Blanco P. Electrochemical sensors based on molecularly imprinted polymers. Trends Anal Chem 2004 23 36-48. 

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