Molecular sources

The explanation for the variation of R with N, the molecular source concentration, lies in reactions of higher order involving transfer of the hydrogen ion from one methanol molecule to another, of the type... 

Miller T. J and Freeman A. (1984). Chemical modeling of molecular sources I - TMC-1. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 207 405. 

The experiments to search for EDMs in atoms and molecules are carried out using different approaches [40, 6]. The experimental technique depends on the properties of the atoms and molecules used in such an experiment. These properties influence the atomic and molecular sources, resonance region and detector. For example, for diatomic radicals like YbF or PbF the... 

It is crucial to attain high coherence time T. In the beam experiments that time is just the time of flight through the region with the electric held. For a gas-dynamic molecular source the typical time of flight is 1 — 10 ms. On the other hand, for the PbO experiment in vapor cell T is close to the lifetime of the excited (metastable) state a(l), T 0.1 Ills. So, the beam experiments have advantage in the coherence time. 

The Doppler effect plays a major role in spectroscopic resolution, in both beam and nonbeam experiments. The sonic form of the Doppler shift, when a moving vehicle emits a sound heard by the stationary observer, is familiar to everyone. The electromagnetic radiation equivalent can be expressed in a very simple form. If a molecular source is moving with a velocity v relative to a receiver, and is emitting radiation of frequency v, the observed frequency / is given by... 

Barreca et al. reported the preparation of columnar Ce02 nanostructures on Si(lOO) and AI2O3 substrates by a catalyst-free CVD process at 623-723 K (Barreca et al., 2006,2007). Ce(hfa)3 diglyme (hfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione diglyme = bis(2-metoxyethyl)ether) is used as the cerium molecular source. The obtained Ce02 columnar... 

Earlier, there were contradictory functional disorders under exposure to OPs described, for which no appropriate interpretations were suggested from the point of view of molecular sources. For example, daily administration of DFP to rats for 20 days at a dose of 17% of LD50 caused an increase of velocity of nerve impulse conduction (Anderson and Dunham, 1985), though dimethoate or dichorvos treatment at subsymptomatic doses for at least 8 weeks caused reduction of peripheral nerve conductivity (Desi and Nagimajtenyi, 1999). 

The molecular distribution and compound-specific carbon-isotopic composition of hydrocarbons can be used to qualify and quantify their sources and pathways in the environment. Molecular source apportionment borrows from molecular methods that were developed and applied extensively for fundamental oil biomarker studies, oil-oil and oil source rock correlation analysis. Additionally, petroleum refinement produces well-defined mass and volatility ranges that are used as indicators of specific petroleum product sources in the environment. Compound-specific carbon-isotopic measurement is a more recent addition to the arsenal of methods for hydrocarbon source apportionment. Carbon isotopic discrimination of i-alkanes, biomarkers, and PAHs has shown that the technique is highly complementary to molecular apportionment methods. 

Fig. 2 Different paths to obtain hybrid materials from molecular sources. Path A Sol-gel routes (Al conventional route for hybrid nanocomposites, A2 molecularly homogenous hybrids). Path B Assembly of nanobuilding blocks (ANBB), of prefunctionalized or postfunctionalized clusters or nanoparticles. Route C or D involve the use of templates capable of self-assembly, giving rise to organized phases. Path E involves integrative synthesis combining precedent paths from A to D and other processes, such as the use of lithography, casting, organogels or latex beads as templates, controlled phase separations, or external fields. (From Ref. l) (View this art in color at www.dekker.com.)...

The Bloch equations by themselves cannot describe spontaneous emission, because they contain the effect of the electromagnetic field on the molecule but not vice versa. To include the effect of the molecules on the radiation field within the semiclassical formalism that led to these equations we should supplement them by a description of the radiation field using the Maxwell equations in the presence of the molecular sources, as described in Appendix 3A (see Eq. (3.75). For our present purpose we can however make a shortcut. We know that one result of Eq. (3.75) is that an oscillating dipole emits radiation, so we can obtain the intensity of emitted radiation by calculating the expectation value P(Z) of the oscillating dipole induced in the system and evaluate the emission intensity (energy per unit time) from the classical formula... 

Comparison of Eqs. (18.2) and (18.8) indicates that both the shear stress and the first normal-stress difference arise from the same molecular source(s) YJl Ef therefore, the evolutions... 

This new development combines the principles of a standing wave pulsed Fourier transform spectrograph in a Fabry-Perot cavity with a pulsed molecular source, where a high-pressure gas expands into a... 

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