Modular programming

Sequential-modular programs in which the equations describing each process unit (module) are solved module-by-module in a stepwise manner and iterative techniques used to solve the problems arising from the recycle of information. 

In a sequential-modular program the executive program sets up the flow-sheet sequence, identifies the recycle loops, and controls the unit operation calculations interacting with the unit operations library, physical property data bank and the other sub-routines. It will also contain procedures for the optimum ordering the calculations and routines to promote... 

Helmig R., Class H., et al. Architecture of the modular program system MUFTE-UG for simulating multiphase flow and transport processes in heterogeneous prous media. 1998 MathematischeGeologie2 123-131. 

Syntax errors are flagged by the compiler and are quickly eliminated. When a program is syntactically correct and compiled (and linked) successfully, it may still contain errors and these are harder to find. The use of implicit none is strongly recommended, as it allows the detection of typing errors in variable names. Clearly structured, modular programming also helps avoid errors or helps to localise them when they occur. 

Using the procedure illustrated in Fig. 4, we have determined several subnanometer-resolution structures of icosahedral particles (Zhou et al, 2000, 2001, 2003 Viang et al, 2001a, 2003 Liang et al, 2002). In this section, we discuss each of the steps in our procedure and mention the specific modular programs (in italics) employed. 

If the calculations were to be done by hand, overall system and subsystem balances would eventually yield n equations in unknowns, and the equations could then in principle be solved for all the desired process variables. It would be difficult to write a sequential modular program to implement this method for an arbitrary process, however. Instead, the following iterative approach is used. 

The accuracy of the microcomputer flow rate calculation was compared to a FLOW FINDER modular program inserted into the hack of a T159 calculator. This together with an overlay and instraction manual provides all that is necessary to verify a flow calculation. This module is available from the SOLTAR Corporation located in Spring, Texas. I ve listed what appears to be the differences between their method of calculation and the one we use in Appendix B. 

Optimizing Molecular Models Through Force-Field Parameterization via the Efficient Combination of Modular Program Packages... 

A modular program system especially suited for SAR-classifications was developed by Jurs et. al. C127, 287, 288, 2911. The same authors intensively studied the computer-assisted manipulation and usefulness of various types of molecular descriptors C4111. 

In order to facilitate such testing, a modular program was written to allow for simple variation of activity coefficient methods and solution composition. There are two approaches to the calculation of solubility products and both have been used for the tests in this chapter. As seen in Chapter HI. the solubility product. Kgp. can be defined in terms of the activities ... 

Littlewood, B. 1979. Software reliability model for modular program structure. IEEE Trans. Reliability... 

The general methodology is then presented for the optimum use of the module based on a study of existing software structures, it assumes the use of a structured modular programming technique The solutions given use a simple decomposition of the software into several blocks in which the information to be analysed is determined ... 

In order to construct modular programs consisting of a number of interconnected stand-alone subroutines, there must be a way to exchange information between them. As a matter of course, most subroutines (or functions) in a program need to receive data in order to be processed and should pass on the results to other subroutines. Consider this example again ... 

Figure 1.6 In order to construct modular programs consisting of a number of interconnected stand-alone subroutines, there must be a way to exchange information between them...

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