Laguerre-Gaussian modes

Thrtugnanasambandam MP, Senatsky Y, Ueda K (2010) Generation of very-high order Laguerre-Gaussian modes in Yb YAG ceramic laser. Laser Phys Lett 7 637-643... 

In this paper we review the work performed on absorbing particles. Both Gaussian and Laguerre-Gauss modes are used. We outline a model for the trapping of absorbing particles for these beam types based on the effects of transfer of momentum from the beam to the particle. We also consider in some detail the heating effects. 

The theory will be developed in terms of the two most common types of beams used for trapping particles, namely TEMoo Gaussian beams (denoted (G)) and Laguerre-Gaussian doughnut beams (denoted (LG)) described by a radial mode index p and an azimuthal mode index 1. 

Fig. 6.2 Illustration of dipole traps with red and blue detuning. In the first case, a simple Gaussian laser beam is assumed. In the second case, a Laguerre-Gaussian LGoi doughnut mode is chosen that provides the same potential depth and the same curvature in the trap center (note that the latter case requires e times more laser power or a smaller detuning). (Reprinted from Grimm et al. 2000 with courtesy and permission of Academic Press.)...

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