MicroRNA suppression

Kota J, Chivukula RR, O Donnell KA, Wentzel EA, Montgomery CL, Hwang HW, Chang TC, Vivekanandan P, Torbenson M, Clark KR, Mendell JR, Mendell JT (2009) Therapeutic microRNA delivery suppresses tumorigenesis in a murine liver cancer model. Cell 137 1005-1017... 

Key Words MicroRNA non-eoding RNA translational suppression cancer oneogene timior suppressor gene diagnosis antisense oligonucleotide drug diseovery... 

Kumar MS, Erkeland SJ, Pester RE, Chen CY, Ebert MS, Sharp PA, Jacks T 2008. Suppression of non-small cell lung tumor development by the let-7 microRNA family. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105(10) 3903-3908. 

Brown B etal. (2006). Endogenous microRNA regulation suppresses transgene expression in hematopoietic lineages and enables stable gene transfer. Nat Med 12 585-591. 

Lymphoma. The seven microRNAs elustm- nuR-17 92 is amplified at human chromosome 13q31 in patients with certain malignant lymphomas. The mRNAs of mmor suppressor PTEN and BIM (pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 antagonist) exhibit binding sites for miR-17 92 overproduced miR-17 92 eliminate the tumor suppressive mRNAs. Mice rendered miR-17 regress... 

Dorsett Y, McBride KM, Jankovic M, Gazumyan A, Thai TH, Robbiani DF, Di Virgilio M, Reina San-Martin B, Heidkamp G, Schwickert TA, Eisenreich TA, Rajewsky K, Nussenzweig MC. MicroRNA-155 suppresses activation-induced cytidine deaminase-mediated Myc-IgH translocation. Immunity. 2008 28 630-8. 

Sayed D, He M, Hong C, Gao S, Rane S, Yang Z, Abdellatif M. MicroRNA-21 is a downstream effector of AKT that mediates its antiapoptotic effects via suppression of Fas ligand. J Biol Chem. 2010 285 20281-90. 

Ishteiwy RA, Ward TM, Dykxhoom DM, Bumstein KL. The microRNA-23b/-27b cluster suppresses the metastatic phenotype of castration-resistant prostate cancer cell. PLoS One. 2012 7(12)e52106. doi 10.1371/joumal.pone.0052106. 

Tavazoie, S.F., Alarcon, C., Oskarsson, T, Padua, D., Wang, Q., Bos, P.D., Gerald, W.L., Massague, J., 2008. Endogenous human microRNAs that suppress breast canco metastasis. Nature 451, 147-152. 

In gene silencing, the control occurs at the level of RNA. In a common application, the cell produces mRNA as usual, but the cell also has been enabled to produce a particular microRNA (miRNA) or a small interfering RNA (siRNA) to repress expression of endogenous genes. The miRNA or siRNA then can bind to a particular mRNA and suppress the translation of the mRNA to a protein for specific cellular protein targets. This silencing is achieved by the action of a series of enzymes as described next. 

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