Micrococcus flavus

The alkaloid K-252a (330) (see Scheme 2.85) was examined against several microbes and found to be active against Micrococcus luteus, Micrococcus flavus FDA16, and Corynebacterium bovis 1810 with a MIC of 6.25gg/mL (314). 

It has been established that in some bacteria one enzyme displays both activities (Kawai et al., 2000). An enzyme with both PolyP- and ATP-dependent NAD kinase activities was isolated from Micrococcus flavus. This enzyme is a dimer consisting of 34 kDa subunits. A gene Rvl 695 has been found in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and proposed to also be a PolyP-dependent NAD kinase. By cloning and expression in E. coli, Rvl695 was shown to encode PolyP/ATP-NAD kinase and was named as ppnk. The ppnk product, a recombinant PolyP/ATP-NAD kinase (Ppnk), was purified and characterized. This enzyme was a tetramer consisting of 35 kDa sub-units when expressed in E. coli. PolyP/ATP-NAD kinases of M. flavus and Ppnk of M. tuberculosis H37Rv phosphorylated NAD, using PolyP and nucleoside triphosphates as the phosphoryl donors (Kawai et al., 2000). 

S. Kawai, S. Mori, T. Mukai, S. Suzuki, T. Yamada, W. Hashimoto and K. Murata (2000). Inorganic Polyphosphate/ATP-NAD kinase of Micrococcus flavus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. 

Hydroxylation of short chain aliphatic carboxylic acids can be accomplished by a number of micro-organisms (see also Scheme 3) including Endomyces reessii, Trichosporum fermentans, Torulopsis Candida and Micrococcus flavus. Longer chain carboxylic acids can also satisfactorily hydroxylat. ... 

One unit of bacitracin USP is defined as the activity given by 26 micrograms of the dried FDA master standard. The USP requirement for commercial bacitracin is a potency of at least 40 units per milligram in a bioassay with Micrococcus flavus or Sarcina hitea. Pure bacitracin A has a potency of about 100 units per milligram. Standards for animal feed grades of bacitracin are available (71,81,82) as are analytical methods (67). 

Resistance to bacitracin does not emerge rapidly in originally susceptible strains. The thermal and storage stability of bacitracin is enhanced by the presence of an equimolar concentration of Zn " and the antibacterial action is potentiated by an excess of Zn " ". It has been suggested that Zn + is also associated with the mechanism of antibacterial action. No chemical assay methods are yet available for bacitracin. For the determination of potency the cylinder plate method with Micrococcus flavus (ATCC 10 240) as test organism is used. ... 

Corollosporine A (26) showed moderate growth inhibition of gramnegative Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis) and gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Micrococcus flavus and Bacillus subtilisy. 

Gram positive bacteria Micrococcus flavus (Product isolate) 25.0... 

Culture and Inoculum. The test organism is Micrococcus flavus (F. D, A. strain) which is maintained at refrigerator temperature on slants of nutrient agar prepared as follows peptone 6.0 g., pancreatic digest of casein 4.0 g., yeast extract 3.0 g., beef extract 1.5 g., glucose 1.0 g., agar 15.0 g., and distilled water 1 liter. The pH is 6.5. 

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