Microarray hybridization labeling system

Labeled Extract Preparation and Microarray Hybridization BioArray Highyield RNA Transcript Labeling System (Enzo)... 

BioArray High-Yield RNA Transcript Labeling System Hybridization of the Fragmented cRNA to a Microarray... 

A similar type of biotin-dendritic multimer also was used to boost sensitivity in DNA microarray detection by 100-fold over that obtainable using traditional avidin-biotin reagent systems (Stears, 2000 Striebel et al., 2004). With this system, a polyvalent biotin dendrimer is able to bind many labeled avidin or streptavidin molecules, which may carry enzymes or fluorescent probes for assay detection. In addition, if the biotinylated dendrimer and the streptavidin detection agent is added at the same time, then at the site of a captured analyte, the biotin-dendrimer conjugates can form huge multi-dendrimer complexes wherein avidin or streptavidin detection reagents bridge between more than one dendrimer. Thus, the use of multivalent biotin-dendrimers can become universal enhancers of DNA hybridization assays or immunoassay procedures. 

Near-field scanning microwave microscopy (NSMM) is another system that has been used for label-free detection of both DNA and RNA molecules (42). NSMM monitors the microwave reflectance, a factor that depends on the dielectric permittivity profile across the microarray surface (42). This parameter is, in turn, dependent on the length and surface coverage of the strands, as well as on the hybridization state of the molecules (e.g., unhybridized single-stranded probe vs. hybridized duplex). NSMM technique demonstrated an acceptable resolution (potentially less than 50 pm) and comparable sensitivity to the fluorescent detection (42). 

Microarray experiment An experiment to study a microarray system under controlled conditions while some conditions are changed. In gene expression, one parameter is varied, such as time, drug, developmental stage, or dosage on a sample. The sample is processed and labeled with a detectable tag so that it can be used in hybridization with microarray. 

The result is high-quality arrays that can be used with a fluorescence detection system in a manner similar to the glass slide microarrays, although only single color detection is used. cDNA is synthesized from a test RNA sample by reverse transcription followed by second strand synthesis. This is then used as a template for an in vitro transcription reaction to produce biotin-labeled cRNA. As well as introducing the label for detection, this step permits amplification of the RNA and thus enables less starting material to be used. The cRNA is hybridized to the GeneChip and the biotin detected with an avidin-... 

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