DNA microarrays detection

A similar type of biotin-dendritic multimer also was used to boost sensitivity in DNA microarray detection by 100-fold over that obtainable using traditional avidin-biotin reagent systems (Stears, 2000 Striebel et al., 2004). With this system, a polyvalent biotin dendrimer is able to bind many labeled avidin or streptavidin molecules, which may carry enzymes or fluorescent probes for assay detection. In addition, if the biotinylated dendrimer and the streptavidin detection agent is added at the same time, then at the site of a captured analyte, the biotin-dendrimer conjugates can form huge multi-dendrimer complexes wherein avidin or streptavidin detection reagents bridge between more than one dendrimer. Thus, the use of multivalent biotin-dendrimers can become universal enhancers of DNA hybridization assays or immunoassay procedures. 

From R. H. Liu, J. Yang, R. Lenigk, J. Bonanno, and R Grodzinskl, "Self-Contained, Fully Integrated Biochip tor Sample Preparation, Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification, and DNA Microarray Detection." Anal. 

Liu, R. H., Yang, J., Lenigk, R., Bonanno, J., Grodzinski, P., Self-contained, hilly integrated biochip for sample preparation, polymerase chain reaction amplification, and DNA microarray detection, Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 1824-1831. 

Call, D. R. Borucki, M. K. Loge, F. J. Detection of bacterial pathogens in environmental samples using DNA microarrays. J. Microbiol. Meth. 2003, 53, 235-243. 

Feng X et al. Thyroid hormone regulation of hepatic genes in vivo detected by complementary DNA microarray. Mol Endocrinol 2000 14 947-955. 

Vora G.J, Meadors C.E., Stenger D.A., Andreadis J.D., Nucleic acid amplification strategies for DNA microarray-based pathogen detection, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2004 70 3047-3054. 

MJ. Schermer, Confocal scanning microscopy in microarray detection, in DNA Microarrays A Practical Approach (M. Schena, ed.), p. 17, Oxford University Press (1999). 

Toxicogenomics tries to assess the toxicity and safety of chemical compounds by analyzing gene expression changes detected by measuring mRNA levels using DNA microarrays (1,2). 

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