Micro-separation

Rozing, G., Dittmann, M.M., Rozing, G.P. (1996). Capillary electrochromatography —a high-efficiency micro-separation technique. J. Chromatogr. A 744, 63-74. 

Ruchel, R. (1977). Two-dimensional micro-separation technique for proteins and peptides, combining isoelectric focusing and gel gradient electrophoresis. J. Chromatogr. 132, 451 168. 

Vastly reduced solvent consumption for micro-separation techniques has advantages in that it gives superior solvent suppression when protonated solvents are used [88]. Reduced solvent volumes also make the use of fully deuterated solvents more attractive, eliminating the need for solvent suppression [87]. A low-volume capillary probe with a 7 pi cell volume (1.5 pi active) is commercially available and its application to metabolite identification has been reported [89]. 

Boemsen, K. O. (2000). Using the TopCount microplate scintillation and luminescence counter and deep-well lumaplate microplates in combination with micro-separation techniques for metabolic studies, in Application note, AN004-TC. Packard Instrument Co. Available at http //www.perkinelmer.com. 

Fig. 7.1. Schematic that summarizes the relationship between the various micro-separation techniques. Line 1 lists the various micro-separation techniques. Below each method in line 2 is the type of flow or combination of flow (=>) that exists for each technique while in line 3 is the relative contribution of solute/bonded phase interactions and electrophoretic mobility to the separation mechanism.

Edkins, T. J. and D. C. Shelly, Measurement concepts and laser-based detection in high-performance micro separation, in HPLC Detection Newer Methods (G. Patonay, ed.), VCH, New York, 1992, pp. 1-15. 

Due to its high sensitivity and specificity, mass spectrometry (MS) is a detector of choice in micro-separation techniques such as CE. This selective detector provides additional advantages by allowing high speed analysis, giving information about the mass, and potentially, fhe structure of fhe separated compounds. This... 

A micro-separation device (HPLC) coupled to the detection system. 

O. Bakajin, Micro-separation and pre-concentration columns based on carbon nanotube arrays, DARPA-MTO webpage, 2004, at http //www.darpa.mil/ mto/mga/summaries/2004 summaries/ llnl.html... 

Vitko J Jr, Kottenstette R. 1998. Parallel Micro Separations-based Detection of Biotoxins and Chemical Agents. Abstract distributed at DOE Chemical and Biological Nonproliferation Program Summer Meeting, July 28-30, McLean, VA. 

Parallel Micro Separations-based Detection (PMSD) Noninvasive methemoglobin measurement... 

Advanced Ion-trap mass spectrometry Bioaerosol Detector System based on Aerogel UV Fluoresence Detection of BW Agents on Surfaces Parallel Micro Separations-based Detection (PMSD) Taqman PCR-based BW assays Automated Nucleic Acid Extractor Deployable diagnostic kit for biowarfare agents... 

CE is making the transition from a laboratory curiosity to a maturing micro-separation method, which is widely used in research work and is employed in an ever-widening scope of... 

The term of chemical cytometry was introduced by Dovichi and coworkers [ 1 ] in 2000. However the approach of micro-separation of single-cell contents has been known for half a century. Chemical cytometry, developed intensively along with fast development of capillary electrophoresis (CE) from late 1980s to early 1990s, is a term defined as the analysis of the chemical composition of individual cells. The general conceptual mode of chemical cytometiy includes the following steps [2] (i) cell sorting, capture, and injection into a capillary, (ii) ceU lysis inside the capillary, and (iii) separation of molecules of interest by CE and their detection by fluorescence or other means. 

They reported that the interface configuration of the two hquids was affected by the secondary flows induced by inertial forces acting at the corners of the microchannel. The results showed that the interface ccaifiguration was also dependent on the velocity, the density, and the viscosity of the fluid, as well as on the curvature radius and aspect ratio of the cross-sectional plane of the channel. Ookawara et al. [6] proposed a novel application for curved microchannels in which the curved channels were used to classify contained particles. The feasibflity of the proposed micro-separator/ classifier was verified both numerically and experimentally. Ueda et al. [7] investigated the curvature effect on the dynamics of long DNA in microfluidic devices. It was shown that under weak hydrodynamic flow, long DNA exhibited a curvature entropy trapping effect. However, this effect disappeared as the hydrodynamic flow was increased. 

Chervet JP, Ursem M, Salzmann JP, and Vannoort RW (1989) Ultra sensitive uv detection in micro separation. Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 12(5) 278-281. 

Dunkel, M. Tri, N. Beckett, R. Caldwell, K.D. Electrical field-flow fractionation A tool for characterization of colloidal adsorption complexes. J. Micro. Separ. 1997, 9 (3), 177. 

Source From Applications of capillary electrochromatography in pharmaceutical analysis, in J. Micro. Separ. ... 

Kitagawa, S. Tsuji, A. Watanabe, H. Nakshima, M. Tsuda, T. Pressurized flow-drive capillary electrochromatography using ion exchange resins. J. Micro. Separ. 1997, 9 (5), 347-356. 

Removal of even trace level of pollutants from very large volume of waste water is a micro separation process. For such applications, the adsorbents need to be cost effective. 

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