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Mexico sulfur production

Table 4.8. Frasch company summary - Mexico sulfur production 000 tonnes... Table 4.8. Frasch company summary - Mexico sulfur production 000 tonnes...
In addition to domestic production of Frasch and recovered elemental sulfur, U.S. requirements for sulfur are met with by-product sulfuric acid from copper, lead, molybdenum, and zinc smelting operations as well as imports from Canada and Mexico. By-product sulfur is also recovered as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide (see Sulfurremoval and recovery). [Pg.123]

Table I provides a summary of the outlook for world sulfur supply over the coming decade. This table shows the combined totals of all sources and forms of sulfur elemental and non-elemental as well as discretionary and non-discretionary, including the use of pyrites. As the bottom line in the table shows, we anticipate that world sulfur supplies will grow at a faster rate over the coming 5-10 years than they have in the recent past. Of particular interest is the considerably expanded sulfur production outlook that we forsee for the U.S. and Mexico over the coming decade, the basis for which will be discussed later in this paper. Table I provides a summary of the outlook for world sulfur supply over the coming decade. This table shows the combined totals of all sources and forms of sulfur elemental and non-elemental as well as discretionary and non-discretionary, including the use of pyrites. As the bottom line in the table shows, we anticipate that world sulfur supplies will grow at a faster rate over the coming 5-10 years than they have in the recent past. Of particular interest is the considerably expanded sulfur production outlook that we forsee for the U.S. and Mexico over the coming decade, the basis for which will be discussed later in this paper.
The United States is now the major sulfur producer, accounting for 20% of world production. The most important sources in the US are from Louisiana and Texas, and other major producers are Japan, Canada, China, Russia, and Mexico. World sulfur production (and apparent consumption) peaked at nearly 60 Mt in 1989 and declined by almost 14% to 52.8 Mt in 1993 (Figure 7). There was a partial recovery from this time and future growth is expected. [Pg.4515]

World sulfur reserves. The earth s crust contains about 0.6% S, where it occurs as elemental S (brimstone) in deposits associated with gypsum and calcite combined S in metal sulfide ores and mineral sulfates as a contaminant in natural gas and crude oils as pyritic and organic compounds in coal and as organic compounds in tar sands (Tisdale and Nelson, 1966). The elemental form commonly occurs near active or extinct volcanoes, or in association with hot mineral spings. Estimates by Holser and Kaplan (1966) of the terrestrial reservoirs of S suggest that about 50% of crustal S is present in relatively mobile reservoirs such as sea water, evaporites, and sediments. The chief deposits of S in the form of brimstone and pyrites are in Western European countries, particularly in France, Spain, Poland, Japan, Russia, U.S.A., Canada, and Mexico. World production of S in the form of brimstone and pyrites was approximately 41 Tg in 1973 other sources accounted for about 8 Tg, making a total of 49 Tg (Anon, 1973). Byproduct S from sour-gas, fossil fuel combustion, and other sources now accounts for over 50% of S used by western countries, as shown in Fig. 9.1. This percentage may increase as pollution abatement measures increase the removal of SO2 from fossil fuel, particularly in the U.S.A. Atmospheric S, returned to the earth in rainwater, is also a very important source of S for plants. [Pg.535]

The most effective and economic method of extracting sulfur from native deposits in situ under suitable conditions is the Frasch process [74]. The process involves injecting hot water directly into the sulfur deposit and then pumping the molten sulfur to the surface. The sulfur is then pumped to storage areas where it solidifies. In this way, blocks of pure sulfur are obtained. Frasch-produced sulfur can be quite pure (99.7%-99.8%) and light yellow in color. If the sulfur is associated with small amounts of bituminous residues, it is brown or blackish. This so-called dark sulfur may contain up to 1% carbon, mainly present as complex organic sulfur. The United States, Poland, and Iraq practice Frasch sulfur production on a commercial scale, as did Mexico until 1993. [Pg.128]

In 1993 world sulfur production was curtailed. Total Frasch and mined sulfur production was at 6.1 miflion tonnes in 1993 compared with 8 million tonnes in 1992 1751- There was a significant change in the structure of the Frasch industry with low prices forcing a rationalization of production in Mexico and Poland, which also led to production curtailments at some U.S. mines. [Pg.131]

In 2001, sulfur production in all forms, counted as sulfur, was 57.3 million tonnes. Of this quantity, Canada and the USA accounted for 16% each, Russia 11%, China 9%, Japan 6%, Saudi Arabia 4%, Kazakhstan 3%, Mexico, Poland and the United Arab Emirates 2.5% each, and South Korea, Germany, Chile and France 2% each [48.3]. [Pg.1053]

Even before the opening of the first Fraseh mine in Mexico, recovered sulfur was produced. In 1950, Pemex (Petroleos Mexicanos S.A. de C.V.) opened the first recovered sulfur from sour gas in Mexieo at Poza Riea. Production was 37,000 tormes in 1952, the seeond largest recovered sulfur plant in the world at the time. While an early entrant into this field, expansion eame slowly, unlike the developments in Franee and Canada. By 1961, recovered sulfur production had only reached 50,000 tormes per year. Recovered production today is one million tormes. [Pg.132]

Recovered sulfur proved to be the downfall of the Mexican Frasch industry as well. In August 1992, APSA declared bankruptcy. The debt of the company was 220 million. APSA closed its three mines in November 1992, and CEDI closed its mine in May 1993. Total sulfur production from the Frasch industry in Mexico was 55 million tonnes (see Table 4.8, and Figure 4.13). The assets of APSA and control of Mexican sulfur exports were assigned to Pemex (becoming their Texistepec Mining Unit) by the Mexican government in lieu of prior sulfur sales owing. Sulfur continued to be produced from their oil refineries at Salina Cruz and Tula. Pemex operates nine sulfiir recovery units, and produces over one million tonnes of recovered sulfur per year. [Pg.136]

In the gum rosin process, pine trees are wounded to stimulate the flow of gum. V-shaped slashes are cut through the bark, and the exudate is collected in a bucket below the slash. Production is stimulated by painting sulfuric acid on the slashes. The oleoresin (exudate) is separated by distillation into gum spidts of turpentine and gum rosin. The gum turpentine industry has decreased in importance in the 1990s because it is labor-intensive. The process is carried out in Russia, the People s Repubflc of China, Indonesia, Portugal, Brazil, and Mexico. [Pg.138]

Salt-Dome Sulfur Deposits. The sulfur deposits associated with salt domes in the Gulf Coast regions of the southern United States and Mexico have historically been the primary sources of U.S. sulfur. These remain an important segment of both U.S. and world sulfur supply. Although the reserves are finite, many are large and voluntary productive capacity ensures the importance of these sources for some time to come. In 1994, the output from the salt domes in the U.S. was about 2.09 million metric tons (21). [Pg.117]

Approximately 73% of all North American sodium sulfate is obtained directly from natural salt sources in Searles Lake, California and in Texas, Mexico, and Canada. Miscellaneous methods of manufacture account for smaller percentages. This includes 5% as a by-product in the production of viscose rayon, where sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide are used to degrade the cellulose. Sodium dichromate manufacture gives another 6% of sodium sulfate as a by-product. [Pg.228]

In the case of these two regions there is a natural source of airborne salinity the waters of the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Airborne salinity plays an important role in determining corrosion aggressivity in Cuba [1-4] and in the Yucatan Peninsula [2, 5-6], Other anthropogenic contaminants can be present also in this region, particularly sulfur compounds coming from the oil production and manufacture industries and... [Pg.62]

Ill - Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, and Texas. IV - Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming. V -Alaska, Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.] The justification is that for the next decade at least oil and gas are likely to continue as the primary sources of domestic recovered sulfur. Second, the inclusion of Arizona and Nevada in PAD district V roughly corresponds with the present market for acid production from copper smelters. Third, as the districts are established on the basis of an aggregation of states, data compilation is simplified. And fourth, as the districts have been defined ja priori they were not based on present expository requirements. [Pg.3]

Sulfur is a, relatively abundant element, occurring as an impurity in many metal ores and fossil fuels. It also occurs in relatively pure form from which it can be mined via the Frasch process. Until recently Frasch mining was the major source of supply in the world with the largest producers being the U.S., Mexico and Poland. In the late 1960 s, recovery of sulfur as a by-product from "cleaning" operations began to accelerate rapidly. Sulfur recovery from... [Pg.109]

Matros, Y. S., and Bunimovich, G. A., Reverse Process of S02 Oxidation in Sulfuric Acid Production, paper read at Sulphur 1990, Cancun, Mexico, Apr. 1 4, 1990. [Pg.1182]

This process, which involves the indirect oxidation of propylene, developed initially by Sohio and Ugine, and then by various Japanese companies such as Asahi, Osaka Gas, Showa Denka anti Toyo Koatsu, is only used industrially today in Japan and Mexico. The main reasons restricting its commercialization are its low total yield compared with the direct oxidation of propylene, and the by-production in large quantities of sulfuric wastes that can be converted to ammonium sulfate, amounting to nearly 2 t/t of acrylate. [Pg.201]

Throughout the World War II years, great demands were made on the Frasch industry to supply the war effort with its large productive capacity and substantial reserves of sulfur. After the war ended, Frasch sulfur in Mexico, sour gas sulfur in Canada, France, and the United States, and sulfur from expanded refining of sour crudes challenged successfully the pre-World War II dominance of the U.S. Frasch sulfur producers. [Pg.7]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.119 , Pg.122 ]




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