Methylmercury toxicity

Doi R. 1991. Individual difference of methyhnercury metabolism in animals and its significance in methylmercury toxicity. In Suzuki T, Imura N, Clarkson TW, editors. Advances in mercury toxicology. New York (NY) Plenum Press. 

Stummann TC, Hareng L, Bremer S (2009) Hazard assessment of methylmercury toxicity to neuronal induction in embryogenesis using... 

Tamm C, Duckworth J, Hemanson O, et al. High susceptibility of neural stem cells to methylmercury toxic effects on cell survival and neuronal differentiation. / Neurochem. 2006 7 69-78. 

Sumino, K., R. Yamamoto, and S. Kitamura. 1977. A role of selenium against methylmercury toxicity. Nature 268 73-74. 

Methylmercury toxicity is very strain- and sex-specific in mice. A single oral dose of methylmercuric chloride at 16 mg Hg/kg resulted in the death of 4 of 6 male mice (C57BL/6N Jcl strain) but no deaths in females (Yasutake et al. 1991b). No increase in mortality was observed in female mice until 40 mg Hg/kg was administered, at which dosage 4 of 6 females died. Twenty-six weeks of dietary exposure to methylmercuric chloride resulted in increased mortality in both male and female mice (ICR strain) at 3.1 mg Hg/kg/day (Mitsumori et al. 1981). Chronic (104 weeks) dietary exposure to methylmercuric... 

Bapu C, Purohit RC, Sood PP. 1994. Fluctuation of trace elements during methylmercury toxication and chelation therapy. Hum Exper Toxicol 113(12) 815-823. 

Matsumoto N, Spindle A. 1982. Sensitivity of early mouse embryos to methylmercury toxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 64 108-117. 

Nolen GA, Buchler EV, Geil RG, et al. 1972. Effects of trisodium nitrotriacetate on cadmium and methylmercury toxicity and teratogenicity in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 23 222-237. 

Welsh SO. 1979. The protective effect of vitamin E and N, n-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine against methylmercury toxicity in the rat. J Nutr 109 1673-1681. 

Yip RK, Chang LW. 1981. Vulnerability of dorsal route neurons and fibers toward methylmercury toxicity A morphological evaluation. Environ Res 26 152-167. 

Trasande L, Schechter CB, Haynes KA, Landrigan PJ. Mental retardation and prenatal methylmercury toxicity. AmJIndMed2006 49(3) 153 8. 

Tamashiro, H., M. Arakaki, H. Akagi, K. Hirayama, K. Mivao, and M.H. Smolensky. 1986a. Sex different of methylmercury toxicity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Bull. EnvirorL Contain. Toxicol. 37(6) 916-924. 

Turner, C.J., M.K. Bhatnagar, and S. Yamashiro. 1981. Ethanol potentiation of methylmercury toxicity A preliminary report J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 7(3-4) 665-66S. 

Wu, G. 1995. Screening of potential transport systems for methyl mercury uptake in rat erythrocytes at 5 degrees by use of inhibitors and substrates. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 77(3) 169-176. Yasutake, A., and K. Hirayama. 1988. Sex and strain differences of susceptibility to methylmercury toxicity in mice. Toxicology 51(l) 47-55. 

Trasande, L., Landrigan, P. J., Schechter, C. (2005). Public health and economic consequences of methylmercury toxicity in the developing brain. Environ. Health. Perspect. 113 590—596. 

The interaction of selenium and methylmercury in the brain appears to be very complex. Despite the clear protective effect of selenite on methylmercury toxicity, selenium increases the mercury content of brain (Prohaska and Ganther, 1977 Chen et al, 1975a). Methylmercury tends to cause a shift in the concentration of selenium from the cytosol to the mitochondrial fraction in the brain. Gel filtration of the brain cytosol, however, revealed that mercury followed a pattern more closely related to protein than to selenium (Prohaska and Ganther, 1977). Therefore, the mechanism of the protective effect of selenium against methylmercury toxicity is still a subject for speculation. 

Ganther, H. E., 1978, Modification of methylmercury toxicity and metabolism by selenium and vitamin E Possible mechanisms. Environ. Health Persp. 25 71. 

Kleinschuster SJ, Yoneyama M, Sharma RP (1983) A cell aggregation model for the protective effect of selenium and vitamin E on methylmercury toxicity. Toxicology 26 1-9... 

Doi R (1991) Individual difference of methylmercury metabolism in animals and its significance in methylmercury toxicity. In Imura N, Clarkson TW (eds) Advances in mercury toxicology. Plenum, New York, p 77 Edmonds JS, Francesconi KA, Cannon JR, Raston CL, Skelton BW, White AH (1977) Isolation, crystal structure and synthesis of arsenobetaine, the arsenical constituent of the western rock lobster Panulirus longipes cygnus George. Tetrahedron Lett 18 1543-1546... 

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