Methyl trinitrobenzoate

Preparation 215.—Methyl Trinitrobenzoate (Methyl ester of s-trinitro-benzoic add). 

Trinitrobenzene is present in crude TNT manufactured by mixed acid nitration and results from methyl group oxidation followed by decarboxylation." In fact, a convenient method for the synthesis of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene involves oxidation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene with a solution of sodium dichromate in sulfuric acid, followed by decarboxylation of the resulting 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid in boiling water." 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene is prepared from 2,4,6-trinitro-m-xylene by a similar route." 2,4,6-Trinitroanisole can be prepared from the... 

TNB has also been produced from TNT by removing a methyl group (Sax and Lewis 1987). Trinitrobenzoic acid, the result of oxidation of TNT, has also been decarboxylated to yield 1,3,5-TNB (Merck 1989). 

Dinitro-(m-anisic) or 2,4-Dinitra-(3-methoxybenzoic) Acid, ndls (from w), mp 240-1° (dec). Was prepd by treatg 2,3,4-trinitrobenzoic acid with aq K methylate... 

The methyl group is readily oxidizable, giving rise to trinitrobenzoic acid which, because of the accumulation of nitro groups, is unstable and in turn loses its C02 to form trinitrobenzene ... 

During the trinitration the methyl group is oxidized to the carboxyl group. The trinitrobenzoic acids behave in different ways in the course of hot washing of crude TNT. Thus 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid is readily decarboxylated and... 

It is unnecessary to remove the small amount of trinitrotoluene with which the crude trinitrobenzoic add is contaminated, since it has been found that no trace of the methyl homologue of phlorogludnol is obtained on treating trinitrotoluene in the above manner. 

TNT that resides in aerobic environments at the surface of the soil is often degraded by photocatalyzed oxidation of the methyl carbon. This oxidation is probably a multistep process by which the methyl group is initially oxidized to an alcohol, then to an aldehyde, and finally to a carboxylic acid. Decarboxylation of the resultant product yields trinitrobenzene. Evidence for this pathway was supplied by Spanggord et al. [29], who reported formation of trinitrobenzaldehyde and trinitrobenzoic acid during the degradation of TNT to trinitrobenzene. It has been reported that oxidation of the methyl group of TNT is mediated by surface catalysis on soil minerals [30], by ozonation [31], and by the action of sunlight [29], At sites where the TNT contamination is localized to the soil surface, the concentration of trinitrobenzene may often exceed that of TNT [32],... 

ACETIC ACID, LEAD(II) SALT TRIHYDRATE (6080-56-4) Pb(C2H302)2 3H20 Contact with acids forms acetic acid. Incompatible with oxidizers, bases, acetic acid alkalis, aUcylene oxides, ammonia, amines, bromates, carbonates, citrates, chlorides, chloral hydrate cresols, epichlorohydrin, hydrozoic acid, isocyanates, methyl isocyanoacetate, phenols, phosphates, salicylic acid sodium salicylate, sodium peroxyborate, potassium bromate resorcinol, salicylic acid, strong oxidizers, sulfates, sulfites, taimin, tartrates, tinctures trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. On small fires, use dry chemical, Halori, or CO2 extinguishers. 

Light and heat and can cause decomposition. May react violently or form sensitive explosive compounds with 2-butyne-l,4-diol, fluoroacetylene, a-nitroguanidine, 5-nitrotetrazol, and others. Incompatible with ammonia, hydrozoic acid, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium acetylide, sodium peroxyborate, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. 

LEAD CHROMATE or LEAD(II) CHROMATE (7758-97-6) PbCr04 Noncombustible solid. Violent reaction with sulfur, iron(III) ferrocyanide, azo-dyes. Forms unstable, impact-sensitive and/or pyrophoric mixtures with hydrozoic acid, sodium azide, sulfur, tantalum, trinitrobenzoic acid. Incompatible with azo dyes, ammonia, hydrazine, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, urea nitrate. A known human carcinogen. 

MERCURIC BICHLORIDE (7487-94-7) HgClj Contact with acids or acid fumes evolves chloride and mercury vapors. Possible violent reaction with chlorine nitrate, sodium acetylide. Incompatible with albumin, alkalis, alkaloid salts, anhydrous ammonia, antimony, arsenic, borax, bromides, carbonates, chloric acid, copper, formates, gelatin, hydrozoic acid, infusions of cinchona, iron, lead and silver salts, lime water, light metals, methyl isocyanoacetate, oak bark or senna, phosphates, potassium, reduced iron, sodiiun, sodium peroxyborate, sulfides, sulfites, tannic acids, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate, vegetable astringents. Decomposed by sunlight. On small fires, use water spray, fog, foam, dry chemical powder, or CO2 extinguishers. 

MERCURIC THIOCYANATE (592-85-8) Hg(SCN)i Moderately unstable solid. Possible violent reaction with strong oxidizers strong acids organic peroxides, peroxides and hydroperoxides potassium chlorate potassium iodate, silver nitrate, sodium chlorate, nitric acid. Incompatible with ammonia, chlorates, hydrozoic acid, methyl isocyanoacetate, nitrates, nitrites, perchlorates, sodium peroxyborate, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. When heated, this material swells to many times its original bulk. Attacks aluminum in the presence of moisture. Decomposes above 329°F/165°C, releasing toxic mercury and cyanide fumes, and sulfur and nitrogen oxides. On small fires, use dry chemical powder (such as Purple-K-Powder), alcohol-resistant foam, or COj extinguishers. MERCURIC (Spanish) (7439-97-6) see mercury. 

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