Methyl ester of methacrylic acid

Blagodatin VM, Golova lA, Bladokatkina NK, et al Establishing the maximum permissible concentration of the methyl ester of methacrylic acid in the air of a work area. Gig Tr Prot Zabol 6 5-8, 1976... 

Many other addition polymers are manufactured commercially, although in much smaller amounts than those just described. For example, poly(methyl methacrylate) is prepared by radical polymerization of the methyl ester of methacrylic acid ... 

SYNONYMS methacrylate monomer, methyl ester of methacrylic acid, methyl-2-methyl-2-propenoate,2-methyl-2-propenoic acid methyl ester. 

Synonyms/Trade Names Methacrylate monomer, Methyl ester of methacrylic acid, Methyl-2-methyl-2-propenoate... 

Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is a monomer or comonomer in many polymers, most notably Plexiglas (R). Although it is the methyl ester of methacrylic acid, it is not often produced from methacrylic acid. 

Esters of methacrylic acid (also called methacrylates) are most commonly used for adhesives. This is slightly different from UV curable coatings, where acrylic esters are generally preferred. These differ by a methyl group as in Scheme 1. 

In contrast, allyl methacrylate is produced by the esterification of methacrylic acid and allyl alcohol (13), or by the transesterification of allyl alcohol with an ester of methacrylic acid, preferably with methyl methacrylate. The latter reaction is catalyzed with zirconium acetylacetonate (14). The esterification reactions are shown in Figure... 

Copolymers of methyl and other esters of methacrylic acid... 

Poly(2-alkyl oxazoline)s having methacrylate or acrylate end groups were prepared by two methods [182]. a) Living polyoxazoline chains, prepared using methyl p-toluene sulphonate as initiator, were end-capped by reaction with metal salts or tetraalkylammonium salts of acrylic or methacrylic acid or a trialky-lammonium salt or trimethylsilyl ester of methacrylic acid (functional termination). b) The living polymers were terminated with water in the presence of Na2C03 to provide hydroxyl-terminated chains. Subsequent acylation with acry-loyl or methacryloyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine led to the formation of the macromonomers. The procedures are outlined in the following Scheme 51. 

Methacrylate ester me- tha-kro- lat [ISV] (1865) n. Any of the esters of methacrylic acid having the general formula CH2=C (CH3)C00R, wherein R is usually methyl, ethyl, isobutyl, or n-butyl to -octyl. These esters are polymerizable to acrylic resins. 

VE resins offer much better corrosion resistance compared with general purpose UPE resins. The better corrosion resistance originates from the large number of atoms between the ester groups, low concentration of ester groups, and the steric hindrance offered by the pendent methyl group of methacrylic acids. 

Cyanoacrylics, as is dry before application p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin, 1% pet Tricresyl ethyl phthalate plasticizer, 5% pet Mono- and multifunctional esters of methacrylic acid, o.i-2.o% pet Methyl acrylate, 1.5% pet Methyl methacrylate, 2% pet Ethyl methacrylate, 2-5% pet Ethyl acrylate, 0.1% pet... 

Synonyms BIS-EMA 2-methyl-2-propenoic acid (i-methylethylidene)bis(4,i-phenyleneoxy-2,i-ethanediyl) ester 2,2 -[isopropylide-nebis(p-phenyleneoxy) ] diethylene ester of methacrylic acid... 

Various esters of methacrylic acid are commercially available but methyl methacrylate is by far the most important. The ester can be made from free methacrylic acid but the standard method is from acetone cyanohydrin without isolation of intermediates, (cf.. Section 6.2.2). In a typical process, acetone cyanohydrin is treated with concentrated sulphuric acid at lOO C to form methacrylamide sulphate which is fed directly into aqueous methanol. The methyl methacrylate is separated by steam distillation and purified by distillation. 

Poly(methacrylates) are polymers of the esters of methacrylic acids. The most commonly used among them is poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Poly(methyl methacrylate) or poly(methyl 2-methylpropenoate) is the polymer of methyl methacrylate, with chemical formula It is a clear, colorless polymer available on the market... 

An additive that was a mixture of esters of methacrylic acid and 60% C12-15 branched alcohols, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic esters derived from 23% C12 15 branched alcohols, and Cie-is linear alkyl methacrylates... 

Dimethyl peroxide Diethyl peroxide Di-t-butyl-di-peroxyphthalate Difuroyl peroxide Dibenzoyl peroxide Dimeric ethylidene peroxide Dimeric acetone peroxide Dimeric cyclohexanone peroxide Diozonide of phorone Dimethyl ketone peroxide Ethyl hydroperoxide Ethylene ozonide Hydroxymethyl methyl peroxide Hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide 1-Hydroxyethyl ethyl peroxide 1 -Hydroperoxy-1 -acetoxycyclodecan-6-one Isopropyl percarbonate Isopropyl hydroperoxide Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide Methyl hydroperoxide Methyl ethyl peroxide Monoperoxy succinic acid Nonanoyl peroxide (75% hydrocarbon solution) 1-Naphthoyl peroxide Oxalic acid ester of t-butyl hydroperoxide Ozonide of maleic anhydride Phenylhydrazone hydroperoxide Polymeric butadiene peroxide Polymeric isoprene peroxide Polymeric dimethylbutadiene peroxide Polymeric peroxides of methacrylic acid esters and styrene... 

Theses polymers are made from acrylic acid, its homologues and their derivatives. Glass like resins were made from esters of aerylic acid in 1877 by Fitting and Peter by Kahlbaum. In 1928, Rohm and Hass, a German Company started commercial development of methacrylic esters. Limited production started in 1933. The rapidly expanding air-force used this plastic in place of glass in the aeroplanes. Most of the early production of "Plexiglass was used up by air-force planes. In 1936, ICI marketed methyl methacrylate sheets as "Perspex". 

Wilkins and coworkers have redesigned both the sensitizer and the matrix resin (78-79). They have tested a variety of o-nitrobenzyl esters of cholic acid as sensitizers. These substances, like the diazoquinones, are insoluble in aqueous base but undergo a photo-reaction that yields base soluble products. The matrix resin chosen for the new sensitizer materials is a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid that is far more transparent than novolac resins in the DUV. The new resist materials are reported to have useful sensitivity (ca. 00mJ/cm ) and extremely high contrast. The resist formulation is essentially aliphatic in nature and would be expected to be less stable to dry etching environments than the aromatic-based novolac resin materials (24). 

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