Methyl acetate-methanol, solubility

Figure 2. Solubility of calcium chloride in boiling methyl acetate-methanol...

Green solid or lustrous green crystalline leaflets. M.p. 678° (under HBr and N3) d 4.909. Heat of formation —63.8 kcal./mole. Hygroscopic in air, transforms to CoBr3 6 H3O. Readily soluble in HaO (red color). Saturated aqueous solution contains 66.7 g. of CoBra at 59°C, 68.1 g. at 97°C (per 100 g. solution). Readily soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetone and methyl acetate sparingly soluble in tetranitromethane. Crystal structure C 6 type. 

Structure of luciferin (Ohtsuka et al., 1976). The luciferin of Diplocardia longa is a colorless liquid, and fairly stable at room temperature. It is soluble in polar organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetone, and methyl acetate) but insoluble in nonpolar solvents like hexane and carbon tetrachloride. Based on the chemical properties and spectroscopic data, the following chemical structure was assigned to the luciferin. 

Another important factor in the hydrogenation of a,p-unsaturated acids was the solvent by increasing the polarity of the solvent used (n-hexane < toluene < methyl acetate < THF < methanol) a progressive decrease in ee was observed. This was probably due to the fact that H2 and the a,p-unsaturated acids were more soluble in the apolar solvents and also that CD was present in the open conformation, the enantioselective conformation (8). In fact, the highest conversion and ee were obtained with n-hexane (Figure 2). 

Note Highly polar solvent sweet, ethereal odor soluble in water flammable, burns with a luminous flame highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption miscible with water, methanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethers, acetamide solutions, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene chloride, and many unsaturated hydrocarbons immiscible with many saturated hydrocarbons (petroleum fractions) dissolves some inorganic salts such as silver nitrate, lithium nitrate, magnesium bromide incompatible with strong oxidants hydrolyzes in the presence of aqueous bases and strong aqueous acids. Synonyms methyl cyanide, acetic acid nitrile, cyanomethane, ethylnitrile. 

Methyl acetate forms a colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. It has a melting point of -98 Celsius, and a boiling point of 57 Celsius. It is soluble in water, and miscible with alcohol and ether. Methyl acetate is irritating to the nose and throat. Over exposure may cause headache, drowsiness, and skin contact may cause irritation. It can be prepared by distilling a mixture of methanol with acetic acid in the presence of a small amount of sulfuric acid. 

Surprisingly, there is limited nonproprietary experimental data on methanol esterification with acetic acid (29). Studies have been confined to liquid-phase systems distant from equilibrium (30), in regions where hydrolysis is unimportant. A physical study of the ternary methanol—methyl acetate—water system is useful for design work (31). Methyl acetate and methanol form an azeotrope which boils at 53.8°C and contains 18.7% alcohol An apparent methanol—water azeotrope exists, boiling at 64.4°C and containing about 2.9% water. These azeotropes seriously complicate methyl acetate recovery. Methyl acetate is quite soluble in water, and very soluble in water—methanol mixtures, hence two liquid phases suitable for decanting are seldom found. 

The induction times of carbamazepine polymorphs [monoclinic, CBZ(M) and trigonal, CBZ(Trg)] were evaluated by optical microscopy. The polymorphs were identified by their crystal morphology where CBZ(M) crystallizes as prismatic crystals and CBZ(Trg) crystallizes as needles, which were confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction. It was determined that under constant supersaturation concomitant crystallization is favored in solvents that accept and donate hydrogen bonds (ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, etc.). However, the metastable CBZ(Trg) polymorph preferentially crystallized in solvents that primarily accept hydrogen bonds (ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, 2-butanone, etc.) with the stable CBZ(M) polymorph crystallizing at least an hour later. The induction times of CBZ polymorphs did not decrease with increases in solubility, suggesting that nucleation is not controlled by solubility differences. It was determined that CBZ polymorph nucleation was governed by the specific solute-solvent interactions that occurred in solution to... 

Solubility ethylcellulose is practically insoluble in glycerin, propylene glycol, and water. Ethylcellulose that contains less than 46.5% of ethoxyl groups is freely soluble in chloroform, methyl acetate, and tetrahydrofuran, and in mixtures of aromatic hydrocarbons with ethanol (95%). Ethylcellulose that contains not less than 46.5% of ethoxyl groups is freely soluble in chloroform, ethanol (95%), ethyl acetate, methanol, and toluene. 

If a chemical reaction occurs inside a distillation colmnn, with reactants and products subject to the usual requirements of the distillation process (phase eqniUbria, fractionation, and contacting device hydraulics), it is possible to shift the reaction eqnilibrimn in a favorable direction. A soluble or insoluble catalyst is likely to be involved thns, the operation is often known as catalytic distillation. Reactive distillation has been nsed snccessfnlly for etherification and esterification reactions and, to some extent, for alkylation, nitration, and amidation reactions. In most applications, the reaction has occurred in the liqnid phase, and an example of this application, where methyl acetate is produced from methanol and acetic acid nsing a solnble catalyst, has been described in detail. Flows for a generalized reactive colmnn are shown in Figm-e 12.21. 

Lemon-yellow crystals, mp 148-149°. Quickly forms a monohydrate, mp 70-80°. Slighi odor of aloe bitter taste, Solubility at 18 57% in pyridine. 7-3% in glacial acetic aetd 5.4% in methanol. 3,2% in acetone, 2.8% in methyl acetate 1.9% in ethanol 1,8% in water, 1.6% in propanol, 0.78% in ethyl acetate 0,27% in isopropanol. Very slightly soluble in isobutanol, chloroform, carbon disulfide, ether Incompat-ible with alkali hydroxides, tannin, ferric chloride. 

The nitron salt may be used for the quantitative estimation of the hexafluophosphate ion according to the procedure of Lange and Muller. The ammonium and sodium salts are also soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetone, and methyl acetate. 

The chemical properties of PVAc are those of an aliphatic ester. Thus, acidic or basic hydrolysis produces poly(vinyl alcohol) and acetic acid or the acetate of the basic cation. Industrially, poly(vinyl alcohol) is produced by a base-catalyzed ester interchange with methanol, where methyl acetate forms in addition to the pol5mieric product. The chemical properties of PVAc can be modified by copolymerization. When a comonomer having a carboxylic acid group or a sulfuric acid group is used, the copolymer becomes soluble in dilute aqueous alkah or... 

Poly(vinyl acetate) is soluble in a wide range of solvents. It is soluble at room temperature in aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene chlorinated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and dichloroethylene lower alcohols such as methanol and ethanol esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate and ketones such as acetone and methyl isobutyl ketone. The polymer is resistant to greases and oils. 

Solubility Soluble in water, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, ethylene glycol slightly soluble in ethanol, methanol, methyl cellosolve... 

Famotidine. Also known as Pepcid, famotidine [76824-35-6] (AT-(aminosulfonyl)-3-([[2-[(diaminomethylene) amino]-4-thia2olyl] methyl]thio)propariimidamide (2) is a white to pale yellow crystalline compound, freely soluble in glacial acetic acid, slightly soluble in methanol, very slightly soluble in water, and practically insoluble in ethanol. It may be prepared by the method described in Reference 3. 

Oxime carbamates have high polarity and solubility in water and are relatively chemically and thermally unstable. They are relatively stable in weakly acidic to neutral media (pH 4-6) but unstable in strongly acidic and basic media. Rapid hydrolysis occurs in strongly basic aqueous solutions (pH > 9) to form the parent oxime/alcohol and methylamine, which is enhanced at elevated temperature. Additionally, oxime carbamates are, generally, stable in most organic solvents and readily soluble in acetone, methanol, acetonitrile, and ethyl acetate, with the exception of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Furthermore, most oxime carbamates contain an active -alkyl (methyl) moiety that can be easily oxidized to form the corresponding sulfoxide or sulfone metabolites. 

Solubilities (30 °C, %/w) Methanol 3, Ethyl acetate 67, Methyl ethyl ketone 65, Toluene 77... 

---