Methanol, derivative

Pirmenol. Pirmenol hydrochloride, a pyridine methanol derivative, is a racemic mixture. It has Class lA antiarrhythmic activity, ie, depression of fast inward sodium current, phase 0 slowing, and action potential prolongation. The prolongation of refractory period may be a Class III property. This compound has shown efficacy in converting atrial arrhythmias to normal sinus rhythm (34,35). 

United States, methanol derived from natural gas as a fuel additive is a promising future market. Methanol has neither the environmental problems of methyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE), nor the evaporating qualities of ethanol. 

Attempts have been made to catalyze the arrangement of 3-oxaquadricyclane to oxepins with transition-metal complexes.1 32 1 35 When dimethyl 2,4-dimethyl-3-oxaquadricyclane-l,5-dicarboxylate is treated with bis(benzonitrile)dichloroplatinum(II) or dicarbonylrhodium chloride dimer, an oxepin with a substitution pattern different from that following thermolysis is obtained as the main product. Instead of dimethyl 2,7-dimethyloxepin-4,5-dicarboxylate, the product of the thermal isomerization, dimethyl 2,5-dimethyloxepin-3,4-dicarboxylate (12), is formed due to the cleavage of a C O bond. This transition metal catalyzed cleavage accounts also for the formation of a 6-hydroxyfulvene [(cyclopentadienylidene)methanol] derivative (10-15%) and a substituted phenol (2-6%) as minor products.135 The proportion of reaction products is dependent on solvent, catalyst, and temperature. 

Selectivity may also come from reducing the contribution of a side reaction, e.g. the reaction of a labile moiety on a molecule which itself undergoes a reaction. Here, control over the temperature, i.e. the avoidance of hot spots, is the key to increasing selectivity. In this respect, the oxidative dehydrogenation of an undisclosed methanol derivative to the corresponding aldehyde was investigated in the framework of the development of a large-scale chemical production process. A selectivity of 96% at 55% conversion was found for the micro reactor (390 °C), which exceeds the performance of laboratory pan-like (40% 50% 550 °C) and short shell-and-tube (85% 50% 450 °C) reactors [73,110,112,153,154]. 

The oxidation of an undisclosed methanol derivative to the corresponding formaldehyde compound is a large-scale BASF process which was established in recent years, whereas the similar methanol-to-formaldehyde process, performed on a much larger scale, has been practised at BASF for more than 100 years [1,49-51, 108]. The exact nature of the substituent(s) was not disclosed by BASF for reasons of confidentiality, although many publications on that topic appeared. The nature of the substituent makes the derivative, as the results of the investigations show, more labile to temperature. 

GP 4] [R 5] For an undisclosed methanol derivative, no hot spot (close to 0 K rise) was found for the construction-material silver micro reactor (operational temperature 390 °C) hot spots of 160 and 60 K were found for laboratory pan-like (40% 50% 550 °C) and short sheU-and-tube reactors, respectively, using elemental silver [1,49-51, 108]. 

GP 4] [R 5] Formaldehyde synthesis has been known at BASF for more than 100 years [1, 49-51,108]. Hence it was expected to be able to handle the synthesis of substituted analogue, an undisclosed methanol derivative, with the same processsing concepts, major problems not being anticipated. This expectation was still supported by first attempts with the tried and tested pan-like reactor concept (5 cm diameter), which were promising. At 50% conversion, a selectivity of 90% was achieved. However, transfer to production scale using a 3 m production reac-... 

The radioactive signals of radio-GC show the 1 -methanol derivates and its common derivates with non radioactive methyl iodide (Fig. lb). The nC-methanol derivates take part in new molecule formation with non-radioactive methyl iodide or/and its derivates on catalyst surface. The C-methyl iodide as a newly formed radioactive product was detected while the selectivity to hydrocarbons sharply decreased (Fig. 2b). 

The same group reported a palladium-mediated oxidation of methane to a methanol derivative employing a CuCl2 and Pd/C-based catalyst system and dioxygen in a trifluoroacetic acid/water mixture.18 A system was also described, which mediated the oxidation of ethane (Equation (10)). 

Similar to anhydride-bearing polymers, the synthesis of a poly(norborn-2-en-5-yl-methanol)-derived system, polymerized by a Gmbbs catalyst after scavenging excess of reagent, was reported by Hanson (Tab. 8.3) [42, 43]. 

The enzyme chemistry of cyclopropylmethanols has been studied both as inhibitors and mechanistic probes [4, 47]. Thus, a series of alkylcyclopropyl-methanol derivatives have been proved as being inhibitors of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase. There are two sites in the cyclopropylmethanol inhibitors able of reacting with nucleophiles ... 

Phosphine reacts with formaldehyde in hydrochloric acid solution to form a methanol derivative of phophonium chloride, [P(CH20H)4 ]C1 ... 

III. Quinoline-methanol derivatives Mefloquine (MEFLOC) 15 mg/kg single dose (for treatment, maximum 1 g) 5 mg/kg, up to 250 mg per wk (for prophylaxis in areas with multidrug resistance)... 

Mole ratio of ethylene glycol-derived products to methanol-derived products. 

Cimbura and Kofoed (50),mentioned earlier, used GLC to separate amphetamine and methamphetamine after acetylation with acetic anhydride in methanol. Derivatives were extracted using diethyl ether and chromatographed op columns of either 3% OV-17, OV-1, or SE-30. Column temperature was 160°C. They also reported the chromatographic determination of acetylated morphine on 3% SE-30, OV-1, or OV-17 at temperatures of 220°C. Cruickshank et al.(21) separated 21 amino acids as their trifluoroacetylated methyl esters. The column was 5% neopentyl glycol succinate on Gas Chrom P. Column temperatures were both isothermal and programmed 65°C for 20 min at 1.5°C/min then 2°C/min until 42.5 min then 4°C/min until 60 min then isothermal until about 75 min (see Figure 12.2). Chang et al. (19), used BSA/pyridine to form the TMS derivatives of levodopa, methyldopa, tyrosine. 

The question arises as to whether the oxygen atom present in the product methanol derives from the starting methyl acetate or from the added water. Propose an experiment using isotopes that would allow one to determine the origin of the oxygen atom. 

Air drawn through a midget impinger containing lOmL of2 WHCl/0.05%2,4-dini-trophenyhydrazine (DNPH) and 10 mL isooctane aqueous layer extracted with hexane/methylene chloride (70 30) and combined with iso-octane combined extract evaporated to dryness, residue dissolved in methanol derivative analyzed by reverse phase HPLC using UV detector at 370 nm (U.S. EPA 1988, Method T05) recommended flow rate 200 mL/min sample volume 20 L air. 

The MTG process will soon see its first commercial application in a plant currently being constructed for the New Zealand Synthetic Fuels Corporation Limited. This plant, scheduled for completion in 1985, will produce gasoline from methanol derived from New Zealand natural gas. It will produce some 570,000 tonnes per year (14,000 BPSD) of unleaded gasoline averaging 92 to 94 research octane. This is equivalent to about 1/3 of New Zealand s gasoline consumption. Two 2,200 tonnes per-day methanol plants will provide the feed for the single-train MTG plant. 

Gibaud S, Alfonsi R, Mutzenhardt P et al (2006) (2-Phenyl-[l, 3, 2] dithiarsolan-4-yl)-methanol derivatives show in vitro antileukemic activity. J Organomet Chem 691 1081-1084... 

Experience at Indianapolis has proved that methanol (derived from coal) is an excellent fuel for automotive engines. The racers switched to ethanol as their primary fuel in 2006, when the ethanol industry agreed to supply ethanol free of charge. 

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