Metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum

The extensive biochemical and physiological analysis of C. glutamicum during the past as reviewed in a recent handbook on C. glutamicum [7] provides a rich source of information on many of the enzymes and pathways present in this organism. 

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Using this approach, general guidelines for experimental design of C-tracer studies with MS could be shown for the central metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum comprising various flux scenarios and tracer substrates [26]. 

Figure 6.1 Carbon core metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum comprising the major catabolic routes of pentose phosphate pathway and Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glyoxylate shunt, and anaplerotic reactions. The relevance of the individual pathways and carbon building blocks for biosynthesis of the broad product...

Table 6.1 Enzymes and corresponding genes of the central metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum including known effectors and transcriptional regulation.

G., and Eikmanns, B.J. (2012) Arabitol metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum and its regulation by AtlR. 

Marx A, de Graaf AA, Wiechert W, EggeUng L, Sahm H. Determination of the fluxes in the central metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy combined with metabolite balancing. Biotechnol Bioeng 1996 49 111-29. 

Gerstmeir R, Cramer A, Dangel P, Schaffer S, Eikmanns BJ (2004) RamB, a novel transcriptional regulator of genes involved in acetate metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum. J Bacteriol 186 2798-2809... 

Jojima, T., Fujii, M., Mori, E., Inui, M., and Yukawa, H. (2010) Engineering of sugar metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum for production of amino... 

Table 3 Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for biotechnological applications. The papers listed comprise either review papers summarizing the progress achieved or recent key contributions.

Lee H-S (2005) Sulfur metabolism and its regulation. In Eggeling L, Bott M (eds) Handbook of Corynebacterium glutamicum. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton... 

A., Bindley, N.D. (1996) Growth rate-dependent modulation of carbon flux through central metabolism and the kinetic consequences for glucose-limited chemostat cultures of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol 62(2), 429-436. 

Eikmanns, B.J. (2005) Central metabolism tricarboxylic acid cycle and anaplerotic reactions in Handbook of Corynebacterium glutamicum (eds L. Eggeling and M. Bott), CRC Press, Boca Raton, EL, pp. 241-276. 

Eikmanns, B.J. and Blombach, B. (2014) The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of Corynebacterium glutamicum an attractive target for metabolic engineering. / BiotechrwL, 192, 339 - 345. 

Wendisch, V.F., Spies, M., Reinscheid, D.J, Schnicke, S., Sahm, H., and Eikmarms, B.J. (1997) Regulation of acetate metabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum transcriptional control... 

Becker, ]., Zelder, O., Haefner, S., Schroder, H., and Wittmann, C. (2011) From zero to hero - design-based systems metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for L-lysine production. Metab. Eng., 13 (2), 159-168. 

Sawada, K., Zen-in, S., Wada, M., and Yokota, A. (2010) Metabolic changes in a pyruvate kinase gene deletion mutant of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032. Metab. Eng, 12 (4), 401-407. 

Systems metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for production of the chemical chaperone ectoine. Microb. Cell Fact., 12 (1), 110. 

M. (2012) Toward homosuccinate fermentation metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for anaerobic production of succinate fi-om glucose and formate. Appl Environ. Microbiol., 78 (9), 3325-3337. 

Zahoor, A., Otten, A., and Wendisch, V.F. (2014) Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for gly-colate production. J. BiotechnoL, 192, 366-375. 

Peters-Wendisch, P., Stolz, M., Etterich, H., Kennerknecht, N., Sahm, H., and Eggeling, L. (2005) Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for L-serine production. Appl Environ. Microbiol, 71 (11), 7139-7144. 

Mimitsuka, X, Sawai, H., Hatsu, M., and Yamada, K. (2007) Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for cadaverine fermentation. Biosci. Biotechnol, Biochem., 71 (9), 2130-2135. 

Inui, M., Murakami, S., Okino, S., Kawaguchi, H., Vertes, A.A., and Yukawa, H. (2004) Metabolic analysis of Corynebacterium glutamicum during lactate and succinate productions under oxygen deprivation conditions. / MH. Microbiol. Biotechnol, 7 (4), 182-196. 

Y, and Woo, H.M. (2014) Biosynthesis of pinene from glucose using metabolically-engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum. Biotechnol. Lett, 36 (10), 2069-2077. 

Response of the central metabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum to the use of an NADH-98 Hiller, dependent glutamate dehydrogenase. Metab. Eng., 1, 35-48. 

Inui M, Kawaguchi H, Murakami S, Vertes AA, Yukawa H. (2004). Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for fuel ethanol production under oxygen-deprivation conditions. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol, 8, 243-254. 

Krause F, Blombach B, Eikmanns BJ. (2010). Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for 2-ketoisovalerate production. Appl Environ Microbiol, 76, 8053-8061. 

Shirai T, Fujimura K, Furusawa C, Nagahisa K, Shioya S, Shimizu H. (2007). Study on roles of anaplerotic pathways in glutamate overproduction of Corynebacterium glutamicum by metabolic flux analysis. Microb Cell Eact, 6, 19. 

Zahoor A, Lindner SN, Wendisch VF. Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum aimed at alternative carbon sources and new products. Comput Struct BiotechnolJ 2012 3(4) e201210004.p. 1—19. Peters MW,Taylor JD, Jenni M, Manzer LE, Henton DE. Integrated process to selectively convert renewable isobutanol to p-xylene. US 2011/0087000. GEVO 2010. 

Rytter JV, Helmark S, Solem C, Lezyk MJ, Jensen PR (manuscript in preparation) Synthetic promoter libraries for metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum Siegele DA, Hu JC (1997) Gene expression from plasmids containing the araBAD promoter at subsaturating inducer concentrations represents mixed populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 8168-8172... 

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