Mercury nitrate halides

N3CI plane (207). The other halids and the cadmium complexes are isomor-phous with the appropriate forms, and undoubtedly possess related five-coordinate structures. A number of studies of the vibrational spectra of the [M(terpy)X2] species have been described, all of which support the formulation as isomorphous five-coordinate complexes (124, 171, 225, 371). The copper(II) complexes [Cu(terpy)Cl2] are isostructural, and a number of studies of the paramagnetic species doped into a host matrix of [Zn(terpy)Cl2] have been reported (23, 213). The zinc complex [Zn(terpy)Cl2] exhibits absorption maxima at 22,650 and 18,000 cm (23, 348). The mercury(II) halide adducts are not so well characterized, but may be prepared by the direct reaction or HgX2 with terpy (171) or by trans-metallation of [Ph2Sn(terpy)Cl2] with HgCl2 (471). They are thought to possess similar, five-coordinate structures. The structures of the 1 1 adducts of the nitrates M(N03)2 terpy are not known with any certainty (171,328). A Cd NMR study of Cd(N03)2 terpy has been reported (430). 

A-Alkylphenotellurazines form 1 1 molecular complexes with mercury(II) halides and with silver nitrate or silver perchlorate <85KGS757>. Bis(benzonitrile)palladium(II) chloride reacts to form a 2 1 adduct and rhodium carbonyls also complex with phenotellurazines <82D0K(266)1164>. 

Human activities have resulted in the release of a wide variety of both inorganic and organic forms of mercury. The electrical industry, chloro-alkali industry, and the burning of fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, etc.) release elemental mercury into the atmosphere. Metallic mercury has also been released directly to fresh water by chloro-alkali plants, and both phenylmer-cuiy and methylmercury compounds have been released into fresh and sea water -phenylmercury by the wood paper-pulp industry, particularly in Sweden, and methyl-mercury by chemical manufacturers in Japan. Important mercury compounds which also may be released into the environment include mercury(II) oxide, mercury(II) sulfide (cinnabar), mercury chlorides, mer-cury(II) bromide, mercury(II) iodine, mer-cury(II) cyanide, mercury(II) thiocyanate, mercury(II) acetate, mercury nitrates, mercury sulfates, mercury(II) amidochloride monoalkyl- and monoarylmercury(II) halides, borates and nitrates dialkylmercury compounds like dimethylmercury, alkoxyal-kylmercury compounds or diphenylmercury (Simon and Wiihl-Couturier 2002) (for quantities involved, see Section 17.4). 

Discussion. Potassium may be precipitated with excess of sodium tetraphenyl-borate solution as potassium tetraphenylborate. The excess of reagent is determined by titration with mercury(II) nitrate solution. The indicator consists of a mixture of iron(III) nitrate and dilute sodium thiocyanate solution. The end-point is revealed by the decolorisation of the iron(III)-thiocyanate complex due to the formation of the colourless mercury(II) thiocyanate. The reaction between mercury( II) nitrate and sodium tetraphenylborate under the experimental conditions used is not quite stoichiometric hence it is necessary to determine the volume in mL of Hg(N03)2 solution equivalent to 1 mL of a NaB(C6H5)4 solution. Halides must be absent. 

McKillop and Ford synthesized a range of primary and secondary alkyl nitrates in excellent yields by treating alkyl bromides with mercury (I) nitrate in 1,2-dimethoxyethane at reflux (Equation 3.9). This method has been used to synthesize substituted nitrate esters from both a-bromocarboxylic acid and a-bromoketone substrates. Unlike metathesis with silver salts, which are widely known to promote SnI reactions, this method is not useful for the synthesis of nitrate esters from tertiary alkyl halides. 

Other reagents that convert benzylic halides to aldehydes are 2-nitropropane-NaOEt in EtOH,336 mercury(I) nitrate followed by ethanolic alkali,337 and pyridine followed by p-nitrosodimethylaniline and then water. The last procedure is called the Krohnke reaction. Primary halides in general have been oxidized to aldehydes by trimethylamine oxide,338 by... 

Ligand exchange reactions have been used to prepare mercury(II) trialkylarsine complexes.202 Reaction of AgN03-AsMe3 with mercury halides gave the mercury arsine and silver halide (equations 10 and 11). The silver nitrate complex was not characterized. 

Heavy-metal salts, particularly those of silver, mercury, and copper, catalyze SX1 reactions of alkyl halides in much the same way that acids catalyze the SN reactions of alcohols. A heavy-metal ion functions by com-plexing with the unshared electrons of the halide, thereby making the leaving group a metal halide rather than a halide ion. This acceleration of the rates of halide reactions is the basis for a qualitative test for alkyl halides with silver nitrate in ethanol solution ... 

The mercury electrode has been used by researches in melts up to about 250°C, especially for nitrate and chloroaluminate melts [82,83], Liquid lead (m.p. 327.5°C) is another liquid metal [84] used for molten halides. Liquid electrodes of bismuth (m.p. 271°C), indium (m.p. 157°C) and thallium (m.p. 303°C) have also been, used but to a limited extent [85],... 

The fluoride of dipositive mercury stands apart from the other halides, being far more like the nitrate and perchlorate. The Hg—F bonds in the solid state are predominantly ionic, and upon dissolving HgF2 in water, the very acidic Hg2 " ion reacts with the basic water molecules, yielding both a basic fluoride and HgO. 

Salts containing nitrate ions, sodium ions, and halogen ions are soluble. The exceptions for the halides are halide salts containing lead, mercury, or silver. Silver chloride will form in the reaction shown in choice (C). 

Mercury(II) reacts with phosphines to form 1 1 or 1 2 complexes of the general type HgLX2, where X is an anionic ligand such as halide or nitrate. The values of the coupling constants are useful in elucidating the structures of these compounds. Complexes with bidentate ligands that contain phosphorous and group 16 donor atoms (S, Se) are also known. These have been characterized by P, Se, and Se, and Hg NMR spectroscopy and by electrochemical... 

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