Paper mending

Anon. (1973). Paste for mending paper currently in use by Conservation-Analytical Lab., Smithsonian Institution Florence paste (modified) . Bulletin of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works, 74(1), 23. 

A. N. Karabelas, R. W. Mendes, and J. B. Schwartz, paper presented to the Industrial Pharmaceutical Technology Section, American Pharmaceutical Association, Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, San Antonio meeting, Nov. 1980. 

Difficulties were encountered in the in-painting process for the fills cast on the suction table. Since these fills were accomplished without adhesive, they were even more sensitive to dimensional change by application of moisture than flat paper or hand-cast mends. Some experimentation was done in pre-coloring the pulp with dry pigments. Although this coloring process was extremely effective, it produced a flat, even color which was not aesthetically pleasing. 

Breaks and tears were aligned and mended both from the front and back with wet-torn Japanese paper (Tengujo) using methylcellulose adhesive. The face mends were removed after repairs and fills were complete. 

Paper Mending. In all libraries, much damage is done to book paper, some of which could be tolerably well rectified by inexperienced assistants, particularly in the field of semirare books. There is the argument that this years semirare book may be next years rare one, but there is no end to this line of thinking, and often something must be done on the principle that a stitch in time. . ... 

The first fully commercial continuous press was the Bison Mende calendar press (Figure 12.18.). This adopted the large diameter heated calendar rolls used in the paper industry to dry tissue papers. The heated calendar roll provided one platen . The mat was formed on a continuous steel belt that carried the mat to the calendar roll and then around the roll. Additional heated rolls applied pressure and heat to the mat at points where maximum pressure was needed. The resin cured as the mat was heated and the finished panel left the calendar roll as a continuous strip that was taken to a sawing station. The steel belt returned to the forming station. In the Mende press the panel is formed and the resin cured in contact with a curved surface. The panel is straightened by inducing a reverse curve in the panel as it leaves the press, but this limits the thickness of the panel that can be produced. Calendar diameters of 3, 4 and 5 m are used. It is claimed that 12 mm thick panel can be produced on the 5 m diameter calendar roll. In practice this type of press is rarely used to manufacture panel above 6 mm in thickness. 

Molecular Endocrinology. 1987-. Baltimore MD Endocrine Society. Monthly. ISSN 0888-8809. URL http //mend.endo-journals.org/. Publishes papers that use a molecular approach to study the mechanism of action of hormones and related substances and their regulation in nonprimate and primate cells. 

Aprahamian 1, Mendes P, Leung KC-E, Benitez D, Stoddart JE. The functionalization of polymers with gold nanoparticles nsing reversible supramolecnlar self-assembly processes. Abstracts of Papers In 232nd ACS National Meeting 2006 Sept 10-14 San Francisco (CA). 

Etudes en Sciences Sociales in Paris. He is also the attachd scientifique of the Institut Pierre Mendes France, which hold the papers of Mendes Prance. 

In the next paper Surfactants Effects on Mass Transfer in Liquid-Liquid Systems Dr Alcina Mendes (Imperial College, UK) reviews the work done by herself and co-workers on the effect of surfactants on mass transfer in binary and ternary liquid-liquid systems. The selected organic-aqueous interfaces has been visualised during the mass transfer process in the presence of ionic and non-ionic surfactants. Results obtained in laboratory and under microgravity conditions are reported. The most significant finding is that surfactants in some cases can induce or increase convection. The latter enhance the mass transfer rate as compared to the Pick s law. The latter means that surfactants can be used to manipulate interfacial stability and particularly in space applications. 

The advantages of this process arise om the fact that the system does not tsTpically require chemicals and, therefore, the decomposition of oi anics is an environment-Mendly degradation process. However, this process has limitations and cannot handle slurries, tars, or a high concentration of suspended solids. In fact, this process has been used extensively to treat waste streams from iron and steel, pulp and paper, petroleum refining, organic chemical manufacture, and pharmaceutical industries. 

The author dedicates this paper to the memory of Professor Lovat V.C. Rees, Edinburgh, Scotland. He had been a personal Mend of Professor Rees for some 25 years, and it is with greatest sadness to hear of his death on May 1, 2006. 

Shear Adhesion (Creep). The most significant example of creep is a tape gliding down under shearing load. Therefore, most commonly creep is characterized by the time a tape holds under defined shear load (Fig. 13). This often is called holding power or shear adhesion. Further examples of creep are the telescoping of rolls of stretchable pressure-sensitive tapes and the greasy spots occurring on a paper sheet mended by a transparent adhesive tape. 

Electrophoresis is described in a number of useful works. Introduction to Paper Electrophoresis and Related Methods by M. Lederer (Elsevier, 1955) surveys its use in organic, inorganic and biological chemistry. Principles of Electrophoresis by R. Audubert and S. de Mende (Hutchinson, 1959) covers the physical chemistry of electrophoresis with detailed descriptions of apparatus and techniques. It is a useful introduction to new developments. 

Work on the problem of crystallization also introduced Rory to one of his best colleagues and Mends, Thomas G Fox (1921-1977). Fox received his Ph.D. in physical chemistry from Columbia University in 1943. After military service he joined the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company in 1946. His first joint paper with Flory appeared in 1948. It was the first of many joint papers on the temperature and molecular weight dependence of viscosity. 

For the most relevant topics in WGS MR technology - catalysis and membrane science - interested readers are directed to the recent paper published by Mendes et al (2010). 

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