Membrane processes process flow diagram

Figure 10.15 shows the main screen that opens when the program is initiated. This screen does not have any actual inputs other than the "Go" or run program icon at the top center of the screen (see call out number "8" in Figure 10.1). The screen shows a process flow diagram including the RO membranes and feed pump, chemical feed pretreatment (if needed), and posttreatment degasification and chemical treatment (if needed). The program returns to this screen after each of the other input screens are completed.

Figure 3.10 Simplified process flow diagram for making fine-pore membranes by sol-gel process...

FIGURE 20.2 Simplified process flow diagram of a brewery. The shaded blocks indicate the products and processes that may use membrane separation. 

FIGURE 20.22 Process flow diagram of membrane filter plant for tank bottoms or yeast. 

Figure 1 Process flow diagram setup combining crystallization and membranes...

Fig. 14.5. Process flow diagram including a membrane module after each reactor.

Two process flow diagrams have been developed for a ceramic membrane reactor process ... 

Figure 9. Process flow diagram for a 600 ton/day membrane cell Cl plant.

Figure 6.1. Process flow diagram including a membrane module after each reactor. From van Veen et al [6.2], with permission from Elsevier Science.

Figure 4.8 Process flow diagram of two-stage membrane separation for CO2 removal from natural gas stream data correspond to the optimal solution ( / in Figure 4.9.

Fig. 5.12 Generalized process flow diagram of the Oleflex process extended with four membrane modules [126].

A process flow diagram for producing ethanol and lactic acid from cheese whey by fermentation with the aid of a membrane recycle bioreactor (MRB) is shown in Figure 3.26 [23]. The UF permeate (WPC in the retentate) contains lactose, nonprotein nitrogen and dissolved salts and is then concentrated by RO to the desired sugar... 

Figure 331 Process flow diagram of a seawater RO membrane plant integrated with a hydraulic energy recovery turbine. Source Desalination 82 (1991) 31.

Figure 4.4 Process flow diagram of an experimental pseudo-2D membrane-assisted fluidized bed reactor for optical measurements. Reprinted from De Jong et al. (2011) with permission from Elsevier. 

Fig. 1 Proton exchange membrane fuel cell air/hydrogen system process flow diagram. BP bypass, FC fuel cell, LTlow temperature. (From Masten and Bosco 2003. Copyright John Wiley Sons Ltd. Reproduced with permission)...

Figure 8.2 Process flow diagram for the preparation of zeolite membrane-catalyst platelets.

The specifications of the plant is shown in Table 2.8. The production capacity is 50,000 m /day and the permeate TDS is 200 mg/L. The process flow diagram and membrane arrangement is shown in Figure 2.21. 

Figure 2.21 Process flow diagram and membrane arrangement.

Figure 7.3 Process flow diagram for the membrane bioreactor option (MBR) (a) small plants and...

Process flow diagrams for the MBR option are presented in Figure 7.3. The inclusion of primary clarification and aerobic or anaerobic digestion as a function of flow rate is identical to the CAS-TF case. Also, for all but very small plants, the membranes are immersed into separate tanks from the main bioreactors. This provides more flexibility in isolating membranes for cleaning or maintenance without handling. 

Figure 21.7 Photograph and process flow diagram of a membrane propylene recovery system installed at a modem polypropylene plant. The front portion of the unit is the compressor package. The spiral-wound membrane modules are contained in the horizontal tubes above and behind the compressor. This unit recovers approximately 1000 Ib/h of hydrocarbons.

Fig. 29. Flow diagram of the membrane chlor-alkah process...

Electrochemical processes require feedstock preparation for the electrolytic cells. Additionally, the electrolysis product usually requires further processing. This often involves additional equipment, as is demonstrated by the flow diagram shown in Figure 1 for a membrane chlor-alkali cell process (see Alkali AND chlorine products). Only the electrolytic cells and components ate discussed herein. 

Fig. 1. Flow diagram for chlor-alkali production by a membrane cell process.

A flow diagram of a simple cross-flow system is shown in Figure 16.12. This is the system likely to be used for batch processing or development rigs it is in essence a basic pump recirculation loop. The process feed is concentrated by pumping it from the tank and across the membrane in the module at an appropriate velocity. The partly concentrated retentate is recycled into the tank for further processing while the permeate is stored or discarded as required. In cross-flow filtration applications, product washing is frequently necessary and... 

Since fermentation takes place in a dilute aqueous solution, the reaction continues until the alcohol concentration approaches about 14%. At higher concentrations, the process becomes self-inhibitory. By-products from starch fermentation to ethanol can include higher-molecular-weight alcohols, glycerine, and ethers. Usually no more than 10% starch is converted to these compounds. Atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, and membrane separation techniques can be used to recover ethanol from the final fermented product. The distillate bottoms, called stillage, are recovered as a by-product for animal feed. A biomass fermentation flow diagram is provided in FIGURE 12-2. 

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