Membrane bioreactor process flow diagrams

A process flow diagram for producing ethanol and lactic acid from cheese whey by fermentation with the aid of a membrane recycle bioreactor (MRB) is shown in Figure 3.26 [23]. The UF permeate (WPC in the retentate) contains lactose, nonprotein nitrogen and dissolved salts and is then concentrated by RO to the desired sugar... 

Figure 7.3 Process flow diagram for the membrane bioreactor option (MBR) (a) small plants and...

Process flow diagrams for the MBR option are presented in Figure 7.3. The inclusion of primary clarification and aerobic or anaerobic digestion as a function of flow rate is identical to the CAS-TF case. Also, for all but very small plants, the membranes are immersed into separate tanks from the main bioreactors. This provides more flexibility in isolating membranes for cleaning or maintenance without handling. 

Desalination of seawater is one of the important applications of membrane processes. There are various ways to produce fresh water such as distillation, electrodialysis, membrane distillation, freezing, membrane bioreactor, and reverse osmosis. Among them, distillation is the most used technique, but RO is becoming more popular in the desalination industry. A flow diagram of a single-stage RO system is shown in Fig. 4. 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ ]

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