Medium chain saturated triglyceride

In the Nurses Health Study (Hu et ah, 1997), the dietary intake of short- and medium-chained saturated fatty acids (4 0-10 0) was not significantly associated with CHD (but other saturated fatty acids were). In an intervention study a higher intake of medium-chained triglycerides was found to significantly decrease total adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and upper-body adipose tissue stores in men compared to longer chained triglyceride consumption (St-Onge, 2005). 

The PhEur 2005 describes medium-chain triglycerides as the fixed oil extracted from the hard, dried fraction of the endosperm of Cocos nucifera L. or from the dried endosperm of Elaeis guineenis Jacq. They consist of a mixture of triglycerides of saturated fatty acids, mainly of caprylic acid and of capric acid. They contain not less than 95% of saturated fatty acids. 

Coconut oil is a fat consisting of about 90% saturated fat. The oil contains predominantly medium chain triglycerides, with roughly 92% saturated fatty acids, 6% monounsaturated fatty acids, and 2% polyunsaturated fatty acids." It is particularly rich in lauric add (47%), myristic acid (8%), and caprylic acid (8%), although it contains seven different saturated fatty acids in total. The oil finds extensive use in the food industry and also, usually after conversion to the alcohol (dodecanol), in the detergent, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. The only other commercially available lauric oil is palm kernel oil but there also exists lauiate-canola and cuphea species." ... 

Monoglycerides and triglycerides of saturated chains that are liquid at room temperature have become commercially available—the so-called medium-chain triglycerides. In the... 

We have now considered the behavior of each of the individual lipid classes in water and in bile acid solutions. We now wish to compare the behavior of appropriate mixtures of lipid classes in water with that in bile acid solution. We are interested in two major types of mixture (a) the mixture of lipolytic products, fatty acid, 2-monoglyceride, and soaps and (b) the mixture of lipolytic products plus their precursors—di- and triglycerides. We are also interested in the behavior of long-chain unsaturated compounds versus that of long-chain saturated compounds versus that of medium-chain compounds. 

Synthetic, saturated, liquid Triglycerides, medium chain (Miglyol 812 )... 

The use of oil/water (OAV) emulsions has also been employed to fabricate PU NPs [162-165]. In this method, the diisocyanate (IPDI) is first dissolved in an oil/ surfactant mixture (90/10, saturated medium chain triglyceride/polysorbate 80 [polyoxyethylene 20-sorbitan monooleate]). Addition of the aqueous phase with PEG 400 (diamine or diol) to the 0/S mixture in dropwise fashion (to obtain 90% aqueous component) occurs under mechanical stirring to obtain nanoemulsions, followed by heating to 70 °C to allow polymerization and achieve PU or PU urea NPs, which can be isolated by ultracentrifugation [165]. This method works by having IPDI present in the core of oil nanodroplets in the 0/W nanoemulsion, which react with the diols or diamines at the surface of the oil droplet, resulting in the formation of the NPs with a size distribution from 40 to lOOnm. 

Medium-chain triglycerides, unlike other saturated fats, do not contribute to a rise in blood cholesterol. Hence, they are used in the treatment of some hyperlipoproteinemias. 

Chemical Composition and Other Characteristics Fatty Acid Composition Chemical and Physical Properties Nutritive Values Essential Fatty Acids Polyunsaturated vs. Saturated Fats Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCT Oil)... 

Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCT Oil). This special dietary product is made from coconut oil by (1) steam and pressure hydrolysis of the oil into free fatty acids and glycerol, (2) fractionation of the resulting hydrolysate into medium-chain and long-chain fatty acids, and (3) recombination of the medium-chain fatty acids with glycerol to form MCT oil, which is made up of about 3/4 caprylic acid (a saturated fatty acid containing 8 carbon atoms) and about 1/4 capric acid (a saturated fatty acid containing 10 carbon atoms). The special nutritive values of this product are as follows ... 

Carnielli, V.R., Sulkers, EJ., Moretti, C., Wattimena, J.L., van Goudoever, J.B., Degenhart, H.J., Zacchello, E, and Sauer, R.J. Conversion of octanoic acid into long-chain saturated fatty acids in premature infants fed a formula containing medium-chain triglycerides. Metabolism 43, 1287-1292, 1994. 

Various dietary fats (lipids) and fatty adds total fats, saturated fats, and cholesterol medium-chain triglycerides omega-3 and omega-6 fatty adds conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and wheat germ oil and octacosanol... 

More than 90% of the coconut oil fatty acids are saturated, which accounts for its excellent oxidative stability. It is the richest source of medium-chain triglycerides, which are composed of C-6, C-8 and C-10 fatty acids. Due to the high medium-chain triglycerides content, coconut oil is a major component of infant formulas and medical foods for people who cannot absorb longer chain fatty acids (Erickson 1990). 

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