Maximum exhaustion % rate

Exhaustion, Temperature for maximum exhaustion % rate The temperature at which the maximum rate of % exhaustion occurs. Near this temperature the exhaustion rate decreases, affecting levelness. 

Example Exhaust vapors from a process operation eontain 95 percent steam at 200 °F at 11.5 psia. The maximum evaporation rate in the cooker is 2,000 lb per hour. Steam is to be condensed at 200 °F and cooled to 140 °F in a contact condenser. A vacuum pump removes uneondensable vapors at the condenser and maintains a slight vacuum on the cooker. Determine the volume of 60 °F fresh water required and the resultant eondensate volume. The solution to this problem is as follows ... 

Ideally the air will be introduced under controlled conditions of pressure and flow to provide for maximum dilution benefits. Because it is difficult, if not impossible, to measure or calculate the exhaust rate through doors, windows, leaks, and so on, it is desirable to allow for 10 percent more air to be supplied than the assumed exhaust. 

Figure 6.16 displays the temperature profile and liquid-phase molar fractions for cumene and DIPB. It may be observed that the temperature is practically constant over the reactive sections with a first plateau at 200 °C and a second one at 210 °C. The top temperature is at 198 °C while the bottom temperature climbs to 242 °C. The explanation may be found in the variation of concentrations for cumene and DIPB in the liquid phase. The maximum reaction rate takes place on the stages where propylene is injected. The cumene concentration increases rapidly and reaches a flat trend corresponding to the exhaustion of the propylene in liquid phase. It may be seen that the amount of DIPB increases considerably in the second reaction zone. This variation is very different from that with a cocurrent PFR. The above variations suggest that the productivity could be improved by providing several side-stream injections and/or optimizing the distribution of catalyst activity. 

Fig. 11-59). The typical exhaust gas flow rate per unit engine power can be estimated as 10 L/min per 1 kW of engine power. A car with a power of abont 200 hp, or abont 150 kW, exhausts gas with a maximum flow rate of about 1,500 L/min. It corresponds to minimum power of the pulsed corona discharge on the level of 750 W, required for the effective plasma-catalytic exhaust treatment from nitrogen oxides.

The solution for the intake, compression and exhaust strokes is very straightforward. The optimal piston velocity in each of these is constant, with a brief acceleration or deceleration at the maximum allowed rate at the juncture of each stroke with the next. The analysis was done both with no constraint on the maximum acceleration and deceleration, and with finite limits on the acceleration. The power stroke required numerical solution of the optimal control equations, in this case a set of non-linear fourth-order differential equations. Figure 14.3 shows the optimal cycle with limits on the acceleration and deceleration, both in terms of the velocity and position as functions of time. The smoother grey curves show the sinusoidal motion of a conventional engine with a piston linked by a simple connecting rod to the drive shaft that rotates at essentially constant speed. The black curves show the optimized pathway. 

Equation (10.16a) will only be obeyed for a period A i. At the end of this period the seed at the foot of the tower (the position of maximum extraction rate for plug-flow conditions) will have become exhausted so that Cm at this level sinks abruptly to zero. Over the ensuing period, A 2, the zone of... 

When the partial pressures of the radicals become high, their homogeneous recombination reactions become fast, the heat evolution exceeds heat losses, and the temperature rise accelerates the consumption of any remaining fuel to produce more radicals. Around the maximum temperature, recombination reactions exhaust the radical supply and the heat evolution rate may not compensate for radiation losses. Thus the final approach to thermodynamic equiUbrium by recombination of OH, H, and O, at concentrations still many times the equiUbrium value, is often observed to occur over many milliseconds after the maximum temperature is attained, especially in the products of combustion at relatively low (<2000 K) temperatures. 

From the ACGIH recommendations, we can say that the system is operating safely if a fluid velocity greater than or equal to the capture velocity is induced across the whole of the tank surface, and the exhaust flow rate is sufficient to capture all the fluid in the jet. Since the maximum velocity at any... 

The IIEC model was also used to study the importance of various design parameters. Variations in gas flow rates and channeling in the bed are not the important variables in a set of first-order kinetics. The location of the catalytic bed from the exhaust manifold is a very important variable when the bed is moved from the exhaust manifold location to a position below the passenger compartment, the CO emission averaged over the cycle rose from 0.14% to 0.29% while the maximum temperature encountered dropped from 1350 to 808°F. The other important variables discovered are the activation energy of the reactions, the density and heat... 

You are required to design an aerocyclone to remove as much dust as possible from the exhaust coming from a rotary drier. The gas is air at 100°C and 1 atm and flows at a rate of 40,000 m3/hr. The effluent from the cyclone will go to a scrubber for final cleanup. The maximum loading to the scrubber should be 10 g/m3, although 8 g/m3 or less is preferable. Measurements on the stack gas indicate tha tthe solids loading from the drier is 50 g/m3. The pressure drop... 

Careful process hazards analysis may show that a particular vessel need not be designed to withstand a full vacuum (e.g., if the maximum attainable vacuum is limited to the performance characteristics of an exhauster). Whatever the vacuum rating, rated vessels must be periodically inspected to ensure that internal or external corrosion has not diminished the vessel strength. 

---