Mastitis acute

Treat acute mastitis with antistaphylococcal antibiotics such as dicloxacillin or cephalexin for 10 to 14 days in order to prevent recurrent disease and breast abscess12 (Table 44-5). Penicillin-allergic women alternatively may be treated with erythromycin.12 Occasionally, intravenous antibiotics are needed for resistant, recurrent, or chronic cases. Encourage women to continue breast-feeding through acute mastitis and to empty all leftover milk from the affected breast.12... 

Acute clinical mastitis is characterised by a range of visible cardinal inflammation symptoms. These are used in the diagnosis of the disease and can be divided into rubor (redness), tumor (swelling), dolor (pain), calor (warmness) and functio laesa (dysfunction, represented by secretory alterations like flakes, clots and aqueous milk secret). However, not all five symptoms... 

Besides the acute type of mastitis, which is generally accompanied by a more or less decrease in general health condition of the affected cow, less severe types of mastitis expressing only secretion symptoms are more common in dairy practice. These types are called chronic mastitis. An interim type is the so-called sub-acute mastitis with slight inflammation symptoms. The severity levels and symptoms of mastitis are described in Table 11.3. 

If untreated, mastitis can cause prolonged acute or chronic illness and low productivity and even death of dairy cows. However, recovery after shorter periods (days to weeks) have been more frequently observed, but since animal welfare considerations require sick animals to be treated, very few... 

However, in case of acute clinical mastitis, it is widely accepted that animal welfare considerations should take prevalence. If both farmer and veterinarian are not familiar with non-antibiotic treatments, they should be advised to use broad-spectrum antibiotics immediately, because any delay (e.g. the 2-3 days it often takes between diagnosis and the return of microbiological test results) may seriously harm the animal. This approach should, however, only be taken after a sound clinical diagnosis, since antibiotic treatments themselves may lead to dramatic aggravation of the condition. For example, E. coli inflammations are able to develop into severe toxaemia, because increased levels of toxins are released into the animal tissues when E. coli cells are killed or stressed by antibiotic treatments. Also, if yeasts are the main cause or form part of the pathogen complex that causes mastitis, their growth and proliferation may be supported by the administration of anti-bacterial antibiotics (Crawshaw et al., 2005). 

Sub-acute, chronic mastitis Hepar sulfuris, Mercurius solubilis, Silicea, Calcarea carbonica, Carbo vegetabilis, Conium maculatum... 

Shore, R.E., Hildreth, N., Woodard, E., Dvoretsky, R, Hemplemann, L., AND Pasternack, P. (1986). Breast cancer among women given X-ray therapy for acute postpartum mastitis, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 77,689. 

Trichosanth.es kirilowii Maxim. T. uniflora Hao Gua Lou, Tian Hua Fen (Chinese snakegourd) (root, seed) Trichosanthin, polysaccharides, saponin, organic acids, resin, protein (TAP29).33 261 This herb is highly toxic. Treat pectoris and acute mastitis. Antitussive, as an expectorant, anti-HIV activity. 

Flunixin is registered or is under development in many countries for use in horses, cattle, and swine for treatment of equine colic, musculoskeletal disorders, acute endotoxin-induced mastitis in cattle, and respiratory disease (89-91). It is administered orally or parenterally for a maximum of 5 successive days (92). Flunixin is a genotoxic but not carcinogenic compound. Its mechanism of action is believed to be via the inhibition of cycloxygenase to reduce the presence of arachidonic acid metabolites produced during inflammation (93). 

Carroll, E. J., Schalm, O. W. and Lasmanis, J. 1963. Experimental coliform (Aerobacter aerogenes) mastitis Distribution of whey proteins during the early acute phase. J. Dairy Sci. 46, 1236-1242. 

Leece, J. G. and Legates, J. E. 1959. Changes in the paper electrophoretic whey-protein pattern of cows with acute mastitis. J. Dairy Sci. 42, 698-704. 

Indications Shao yin disease, four counterflows patterns (i.e., cold extremities due to the liver failing to course and discharge heat). Gastritis, peptic ulcer, cholecystitis, gallstones, hepatitis, intercostal neuralgia, biliary ascariasis, hernia, acute appendicitis, pancreatitis, intestinal obstruction, allergic colitis, neurotic diarrhea, pleurisy, rhinitis, tubercular peritonitis, neurosis, epilepsy, mastitis, and fibrocystic breasts... 

For acute mastitis, add Herba Cum Radice Taraxaci Mongolici (Pu Gong Ying), Herba Violae Yedoensis (Zi Hua Di Ding), and Flos Chrysanthemi Indici (Ye Ju Hua) to clear heat, resolve toxins, and disperse swelling. 

Symptoms and indications Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, agalactia, swelling and pain caused by acute mastitis, slow and painful stranguria... 

Harmon. R. J., Schanbacher, F. L, Ferguson, L. C., and Smith, K. L. (1976) Changes in lactoferrin, immunoglobulin G, bovine serum albumin, and a-lactalbumin during acute experimental and natural coliform mastitis in cows. Infection and Immunity 13 533-542. 

The response of healthy cows to an infusion with L. lactis DPC3147 was further investigated and was shown to result in high Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) recruitment, a rise in acute phase protein, milk amyloid A (Klostermann et al. 2008), the formation of clots in milk, and a rise in IL- ip and IL-8 (Beecher et al. 2009). Taken together, these works suggest that L. lactis can exert a preventive and curative effect against bovine mastitis. 

Rezamand P., T.A. Hoagland, K.M. Moyes, L.K. Silbart and S.M. Andrew, 2007. Energy status, lipid-soluble vitamins, and acute phase proteins in periparturient Holstein and Jersey dairy cows with or without subclinioal mastitis. J. Dairy Sci. 90, 5097-5107. 

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