Paper-electrophoretic

The paper-electrophoretic behavior of 2-amino-4-methylthiazoie in a buffer solution containing AgNOj shows that migration increases at low and high pH an increase of pAg produces the opposite result (147). 

Leece, J. G. and Legates, J. E. 1959. Changes in the paper electrophoretic whey-protein pattern of cows with acute mastitis. J. Dairy Sci. 42, 698-704. 

Rohl, R., 1982. Trace metal speciation in seawater - a paper electrophoretic approach. Anal. Chim. Acta, 135 99-110. 

Theoretical considerations of paper electrophoretic methods are few in comparison to the numerous papers dealing with the practical use and the clinical applications. 

Probably no physicochemical method has ever been used so extensively with so little knowledge of its fundamentals. The reason seems to be that the apparatus and its manipulation are simple, and results are consequently so readily obtained that no theory is considered necessary. It is obvious, however, that many clinical results suffer from experimental inaccuracy owing to the lack of fundamental knowledge and even of practice in manipulating paper electrophoretic equipment. 

In clinical work many biological fluids have been submitted to paper electrophoretic separation. Serum and urine have been studied extensively and the results were reviewed in Volume I of this series (p. 238). Other fluids include cerebrospinal fluid (B12, B14, E6, K18), pleura] fluid (D4), gastric juice (H6), ascitic fluid (H9), synovial fluid (W3), proteins of the lens (F4, W9, W10), aqueous humor of the eye (W12, W24), edema liquid (W23), and pericardiac effusion (G2). Apart from the general separation of plasma proteins, work has been done on special protein groups, such as lipo- and glycoproteins, muco-proteins, hemoglobins (H19), coagulation factors (05), and on other components, such as amino acids. 

So many and such contradictory factors have however been proposed that a logical review is not possible. It may be wise not to use any factor at all and to report results as they are measured (S6), for instance, as amido black values. This procedure has the advantage of being easy and also of admitting that paper electrophoretic fractions are a world of their own, full of problems which makes it impossible to compare them to free boundary electrophoretic fractions which are measured as concentration gradients by means of differences in refraction. 

D7. de Wael, J., Discussion on Some practical points regarding the reading of paper electrophoretic strip, by Sommerfelt, S. C. In Paper Electrophoresis Ciba Foundation Symposium (G. E. W. Wolstenholme and E. C. P. Millar, eds.), p. 155. Churchill, London, 1956. 

NMR data of, 105 by oxidation, 102, 105 paper electrophoretic, 107 pKa of, 107 polarography of, 108 protomeric equilibrium with, 107 X-Ray data, 107 Bacteria leaf blight, 136 Bactericide, 134, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 438,439,441,442 Bacteriostatic properties, 139, 152 Bacterium citri, control of, 441 Barrier to rotation, around Nsp -Csp bond, in N-alkyl, A-4-thiazoline-2-thione, 387... 

When we processed dissolved mucoprotein in 1955 from gastric juice of various human subjects, and under conditions of variable stimulation, this material showed some variations in protein and hexose contents. Therefore, we stated at that time When we looked for explanation of these variations by elution of the paper electrophoretic strips, we found that the leading fast boundary corresponding to glandular mucoprotein contained much pepsin. This pepsin apparently has been inactivated... 

G41. Glass, G. B. J., and Ishimori, A., Paper electrophoretic detection of leakage of albumin into the gastric juice in protein-losing gastropathies and gastric cancer. Federation Proc. 19, 191 (1960). Abstr. 

G44. Glass, G. B. J., Jacob, T. A., Williams, D. E., and Howe, E. E., Correlation of intrinsic factor activity of hog stomach preparations with their paper-electrophoretic patterns, sedimentation constants and B12-binding capacity. Tohoku ]. Exptl. Med. 71, 1-17 (1959). 

G58. Glass, G. B. J., Stephanson, L., and Rich, M., Paper-electrophoretic analysis of gastric juice in health and disease and its physiological and clinical significance. Gastroenterologia 86, 384-395 (1956). 

Ul. Uchino, H., Schwartz, G. H., and Glass, G. B. J., Paper electrophoretic analysis of B] 2 hiding in the gastric juice of normals, pernicious anemia patients and subjects with histamine-fast anacidity and atrophic gastritis. Clin. Chim. Acta 9, 461-473 (1964). 

Fig. 6. Comparison of paper electrophoretic patterns of 2 normal gastric juices (a) dialyzed and lyophilized or (b) concentrated against Carbowax 6000. From Ishimori and Glass (12).

Gotz et al. (G24, G25) studied paper electrophoretic patterns of gastric juice, gastric mucosa, and gastric wall, using a horizontal cell and... 

Fig. 10. Electrophoretic pattern (average of 27 runs) and composition of elutes from 30 identical segments 5 miti wide of 354 paper electrophoretic runs of a pool of human gastric juice (457 mg dry weight). From Class et al. (G16).

Fig. 13. Paper electrophoretic patterns of carbohydrates in various human gastric juices. From Class (G3a).

Piper et al. (P3, P4) applied the paper electrophoretic method of our laboratory to gastric juice electrophoresis on cellulose acetate strips. They collected gastric juice after augmented histamine stimulation, but gastric acidity prior to collection was neutralized in situ by intragastric instillation of sodium bicarbonate in 5-20% solution. 

Material Processing method Sedimentation constant ( 20. w) Paper electrophoretic pattern Non- hexos- amine hex- oses Hex- osa mine Fu- cose Sialic acid Intrinsic factor activity... 

G18. Class, G. B. J., and Skoryna, S. C., Paper electrophoretic study of proteinlosing secretions from explanted gastric mucosa in rats. Proc. Soc. Exptl Biol. Med. 107, 560-565 (1961). 

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