Manufacture and assembly

The HDPE pipes for both land and sea lines were made by extrusion using Hoechst Hostalen GM 5010 T2. The land-line pipes in diameters 1000 and 1200 mm were extruded by Europlast (Dusseldorf), a Hoechst associate company. 4-bar pressure pipe (PN4) was used. This is Series 3 in Table 24.3. 

The pipe for the sea outfall was 500 mm in diameter and was Series 5 (Table 24.3), of 45.5 mm wall thickness. It was extruded by Gruber of Austria. 

Both pipes were purchased against DIN standards 8074 and 8075 which cover HDPE pipes for dimensions and general quality requirements and tests. Although GM 5010 T2 polymer was used in the manufacture of these pipes, the DIN 8074 and 8075 standards are appropriate for GM 5010, an earlier grade. The T2 polymer has a superior performance and an extra safety factor was thus built into the specification. 

The HDPE pipe for the sea outfall was encased in an outer tube of steel, 600 mm in diameter, before it was pulled out to sea. The primary function of the steel outer tube was to carry the load of pulling out to sea. Having served that function it could then have been left to corrode away on the 

Butt joints were a fairly automatic choice for joining the short 12 m 

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Third, you would. suppose that parallel pumps are identical, that they were manufactured and assembled together. But it is possible that one pump of the pair is the dominant pump and the other is the runt pump. If you start the dominant pump first in the parallel system, and then decide to add the runt pump of the pair, the weaker pump may not be able to open the check valve. The pump operator perceives that the flow meter on the second pump is stuck or broken. This is because the second pump might be dead heading against a closed check valve, maintained that w ay by the dominant pump. If this situation exists, it may re.sult in premature failure of bearings and. seals, leading maintenance and operations personnel thinking that parallel pumps are problematic. 

Variability associated with manufacturing and assembly has historically been considered a problem of the manufacturing department of a company (Craig,... 

The following case study determines the manufacturing and assembly variability risks for a solenoid end assembly design, shown in Figure 2.39, and projects the potential... 

Produces more process capable designs with regard to their manufacture and assembly... 

Before setting about the task of developing such a model, the product development process requires definition along with an indication of its key stages, this is so the appropriate tools and techniques can be applied (Booker et al., 1997). In the approach presented here in Figure 5.11, the product development phases are activities generally defined in the automotive industry (Clark and Fujimoto, 1991). QFD Phase 1 is used to understand and quantify the importance of customer needs and requirements, and to support the definition of product and process requirements. The FMEA process is used to explore any potential failure modes, their likely Occurrence, Severity and Detectability. DFA/DFM techniques are used to minimize part count, facilitate ease of assembly and project component manufacturing and assembly costs, and are primarily aimed at cost reduction. 

Boothroyd, G., Dewhurst, P. and Knight, W. 1994 Product Design for Manufacture and Assembly. NY Marcel Dekker. 

Miles, B. L. and Swift, K. G. 1992 Design for Manufacture and Assembly. In Proc. 24th FISITA Congress, Inst. Mech. Engrs. HQ, London. 

Design for Manufacturability and Assembly Plan Design review reports Prototype control plan Engineering drawings and specifications Material specifications... 

Corrosion of solders used in the electronics industry is usually a function of the presence of residues from various manufacturing and assembly operations. Corrosion in heat exchangers, particularly in automobiles is a more significant problem and a test methodology has been described as well as various factors controlling the corrosion of tin-lead alloys in radiators... 

Flexible Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Assembly System Design... 

RFID Integration Models for Digital Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Assembly Supply Chains... 

FLEXIBLE PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING AND ASSEMBLY SYSTEM DESIGN... 

RFID SYSTEM INTEGRATION MODELS FOR DIGITAL PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING AND ASSEMBLY SUPPLY CHAINS... 

Ranky, P. G. (1999), Design, manufacturing and assembly automation trends and strategies in China, Assembly Automation, 19(4), 301-305. 

Concurrent Validation In some cases, a drug product or medical device may be manufactured individually or on a one-time basis. The concept of prospective or retrospective validation as it relates to those situations may have limited applicability. The data obtained during the manufacturing and assembly process may be used in conjunction with product testing, to demonstrate that the instant ran yielded a finished product meeting all of its specifications and quality characteristics (FDA). 

In evaluating the values of new processes or products, one should consider both their energy payback ratio (EPR) and their carbon emission payback period (CEPP). The EPR is the ratio of energy obtained to energy invested in manufacturing and assembling the product. The EPR of photovoltaic (PV)-type solar collectors is about 10 1. In contrast, the EPR of oil shale production is only 4 1. 

Today, the energy payback period of PV collectors for thin-film PV systems is about 3-5 years and for multicrystalline silicon PV systems about 6-8 years. As manufacturing techniques improve and the use of preinstalled roof PV collectors spread, these payback periods are likely to drop. With a minimum life span of 25 years, the ratio of energy obtained to energy invested in manufacturing and assembling the PV collectors is about 10 1. This ratio compares favorably, for example, with the energy payback ratio of oil shale, which is only 4 1. 

Manufacturing and Assembly Processes Do you have the right materials, equipment, and tools to produce the new design Is the design easy to assemble and repair What is the defect rate ... 

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