Malignant treatment

Moderate risk Neutropenia Moderate duration (7-14 days) Malignancy/treatment Solid tumor treated with autologous HSCT Comorb/cf/ t/ es Minimal medical comorbidity Clinical status Clinically stable Response to initial therapy Favorable (e.g., early defervescence) Therapy/setting Initial parenteral, hospital-based therapy, followed by early discharge on a parenteral or oral regimen (sequential)... 

Low risk Neutropen/a Short duration (<7 days) Malignancy/treatment Solid tumor treated with conventional chemotherapy Comorbidities None Clinical status Clinically stable at onset of fever no identified focus of infection, or simple infection (e.g., UTI) Therapy/setting Broad-spectrum outpatient therapy (parenteral, sequential, or oral) for the entire episode... 

Porphyria, porphyrin sensitivity, hypersensitivity to sunlight or bright artificial light Any malignancy treatment... 

Zoledronic acid is a bisphosphonate that causes inhibition of bone resorption. It is indicated in the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy treatment of patients with multiple myeloma and bone metastases from solid tumors in conjunction with standard antineoplastic therapy. 

A principal appHcation for photomedicine is the photodynamic treatment of cancer. Photochemical and clinical aspects of this topic have been reviewed (10,11). Direct irradiation of tumors coupled with adininistration of a sensitizer is used to effect necrosis of the malignancy. In this process, an excited state sensitizer interacts with dissolved in vivo to effect conversion of the oxygen from its triplet ground state to an excited singlet state, which is highly cytotoxic. In principle, excited sensitizers in either the singlet or the triplet state can effect this conversion of molecular oxygen (8). In... 

Nuclear medicine studies may reveal information that is primarily anatomic in nature, or indicate the function of an organ on a regional basis (Table 1). These studies may be intended to identify new disease, confirm or deny suspected disease, or foUow the progress of treatment or the course of disease. The diseases may be relatively benign or extremely serious and can range from widespread medical problems such as ischemic heart disease to rarities such as Legge-Perthe s disease and malignant pheochromocytoma (7). 

Not only is TCDO a potent therapeutic agent in acute radiation syndrome, but treatment using TCDO from days 4—11 after TBI increases the survival rate in rats for up to one year, protects against the development of late GI ulcers, and also reduces the development of y-ray-induced leukemias and malignant epitheHal tumors, but not sarcomas (202). The anticarcinogenic effect of TCDO maybe related to the inhibition of PGs, which promote carcinogenesis, or to immunostimulation, which may result in a more effective elimination of malignant cells. 

Despite dramatic advances in the treatment of several human malignancies including Hodgkin s lymphomas and leukemias, dmg resistance remains a pressing issue in cancer chemotherapy. Acquired or induced dmg resistance afflicts practically all classes of cancer agents. It usually is manifested clinically... 

Bisphosphonates (BP) are today the first line treatment of benign and malignant bone diseases. As pyrophosphate analogues (Fig. 3), BP accumulate in bone and are taken up by osteoclasts. Once in the cell, the nitrogen-containing BP (N-BP) such as Alendronate, Risedronate, Ibandronate and Zoledronate effectively inhibit osteoclast resorption and induce cell... 

Interferon alfacon-1 (Inferax ), interferon alfa-2b (IntronA ), and interferon alfa-2a (Roferon -A) are applied in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C and some malignancies, especially hairy cell leukemia. IFN-a proteins induce the expression of antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory genes. 

---