Maleic anhydride /expanded

Data for the production and sales of maleic anhydride and fumaric acid ia the United States between 1979 and 1992 are shown ia Table 5. Production of maleic anhydride during this time grew - 2% on average per year. Production of fumaric acid has declined during the same period as customers have switched to the less cosdy maleic anhydride when possible. All production of maleic anhydride in the United States in 1992 was from butane-based plants which used fixed-bed reactor technology as shown in Table 6. The number of fumaric acid producers has been reduced considerably since the early 1980s with only two producers left in the United States in 1992 as shown in Table 6. Pfizer shut down its fumaric acid plant at the end of 1993. However, Bartek of Canada will start up an expanded fumaric acid faciUty to supply the North American market for both their own and Huntsman s requirements. 

V. B. Zhukhovitskij, M. I. Kolomoets, and A. M. Zagrudnyj. Polymeric plugging solution contains urea-formaldehyde resin, expandable resol-phenol-formaldehyde resin containing surfactant and aluminium powder, and maleic anhydride production waste. Patent SU 1728473-A, 1992. 

The chloroformate (I) and the corresponding alcohol (II) are very interesting intermediates for numerous applications - Blowing agents adapted to the production of cellulated or expanded polymers (Ref. 47), for example by reaction of (II) with maleic anhydride [Scheme 50]. 

Poly (styrene-co-acrylonitrile). See Styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer Poly (styrene-co-allyl alcohol). See Styrene/allyl alcohol copolymer Poly (styrene-co-butadiene). See Styrene/butadiene polymer Poly (styrene-co-divinylbenzene). See Styrene/DVB copolymer Poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride). See Styrene/MA copolymer Poly (styrene-co-methyl methacrylate). See Styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymer Poly (styrene-co-a-methylstyrene). See Styrene/a-methyl styrene resin Poly (styrene-divinylbenzene). See Styrene/DVB copolymer Polystyrene, expandable Synonyms EPS Expandable polystyrene Expanded polystyrene XPS Definition Amorphous PS beads contg. pentane as a blowing agent and coated with a lubricant the polymer is converted to foamed articles with a closed cell structure by applic. of steam Properties Beads (0.4-1.5 mm diam.)... 

Shen et al. [130] prepared maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP)/ expanded graphite nanocomposites by solution blending. The conductive performance of PP was improved significantly. 

The Kleber-Colombes rigid PVC foam (265,266) is produced by compression molding vinyl plastisol to react and gel the compound, followed by steam expansion. The process involves mixing, molding, and expansion. The formulation consists of PVC, isocyanate, vinyl monomers such as styrene, anhydrides such as maleic anhydride, polymerization initiators, FC-11, and nucleators. The ingredients are mixed in a Werner-Pfleiderer or a Baker Perkins type of mixer, and the resulting plastisol is molded under pressure. The initial temperature of the molds is 100-110°C, which increases to 180-200°C because of exothermic polymerization of the vinyl monomers and anhydride. The mold is cooled and the partially expanded PVC is removed and then further expanded by steam. After the water treatment, the foam is thermoset with a closed-celled structure and a relatively low thermal conductivity. 

Taking into account the biocompatibility and blood compatibility of poly(N-vinyl-pyrrolidone), used as plasma volume expander, Maria Azori and coworkers studied the biocompatibility of the alternant copolymer of maleic anhydride with... 

It is also one of China s largest PVC producers. The company has annual capacities of 120 000 tonnes of LLDPE, 140 tonnes LDPE, 140 000 tonnes of HDPE, 70 000 tonnes of PP, 36 000 tonnes of PS and PVC recently expanded to 600 000 tonnes. Qilu has also expanded its annual ethylene capacity from 450 000 tonnes to 600 000 tonnes. Major products include ethylene, propylene, HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE, PVC, PP, hydrochloric acid, caustic soda, sulphur, commercial liquefied chlorine, ammonia, commercial liquid ammonia, urea, butadiene, pure benzene, toluene, p-xylene, styrene, refined methanol, butanol, octanol, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, catalysts for petrochemical products, catalysts for natural gas one-stage reforming, other catalysts, dibutyl phthalate and dioctyl phthalate. 

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