Made in China

Brandt [200] has extracted tri(nonylphenyl) phosphite (TNPP) from a styrene-butadiene polymer using iso-octane. Brown [211] has reported US extraction of acrylic acid monomer from polyacrylates. Ultrasonication was also shown to be a fast and efficient extraction method for organophosphate ester flame retardants and plasticisers [212]. Greenpeace [213] has recently reported the concentration of phthalate esters in 72 toys (mostly made in China) using shaking and sonication extraction methods. Extraction and analytical procedures were carefully quality controlled. QC procedures and acceptance criteria were based on USEPA method 606 for the analysis of phthalates in water samples [214]. Extraction efficiency was tested by spiking blank matrix and by standard addition to phthalate-containing samples. For removal of fatty acids from the surface of EVA pellets a lmin ultrasonic bath treatment in isopropanol is sufficient [215]. It has been noticed that the experimental ultrasonic extraction conditions are often ill defined and do not allow independent verification. 

As both Vitruvius and Pliny have described under the same name indicum, the blue or purple indigo, this black indicum is doubtless India ink, known to have been made in China before our era. It is also probable that the ancients in Europe did not know whether the black and the blue indicum were of essentially different origin or not. As a matter of fact, the India ink also has lampblack as its base. 

Paper is reported to have been made in China as ea rly as A.D. 100, when cellulose fibers from mulberry bark were pounded into thin sheets. Finer paper was eventually produced by lifting a silk screen up through a suspension of cellulose fibers in water, so that entangled fibers collected on the screen. After drying, the fibers remained intertwined, forming a sheet of paper, as shown in Figure 18.1. 

There is some evidence that rag paper was made in China between A.D. 105 and 605, the 500-year period when the discovery of paper making was kept secret. To make rag paper, fibers are separated, put into a mold, press, and dipped in glue. 

Catalysts. Some commercial PtRe catalysts listed in Table I were used in this study as well as some PtSn catalysts on which were reported elsewhere (7). The fresh catalysts B-6, B-7 and B-8 made in China are white because they are unreduced. Catalyst 803 made by Engelhard Corp. was grey because it had been reduced by the manufacturer. 

The surfactant in this test was alkyl benzene sulfonate made in China. Based on experimental work, 0.025 to 0.3% S + 0.4 to 1.0% A could make IFT reach 10 mN/m. As a result, the following injection scheme was designed ... 

Natural mixed carboxylates could be resistant to 380 mg/L divalents. If combined with DSB, they could be resistant to 5000 mg/L divalents. These snrfac-tants were made in China. Ryles (1983) raised the question about whether xanthan can be used with alkali in snch a high temperature, however. 

Traditional Chinese and Japanese papers are made from cellulose fibres derived from locally-occurring plants. The fibres are separated by processes similar to those used on linen. Long fibres with relatively undamaged cellulose produce strong papers with good permanence. The first papers ever made are believed to have been made in China in 105 AD. 

Ask toy manufacturers about their employment policies 75% of all toys are made in China, where millions of workers work long hours for low pay, often in dangerous conditions. 

In the rice paddies of Japan, according to King, the soil was usually plowed to a depth of 3.5-4.5 inches but in China it was worked deep and often — much of it by hand labor. Apparently extreme efforts were made in China to maintain a soil- or dust-mulch, except, of course, where rice was grown. One can not help but wonder how such a laborious practice could have been followed over the centuries if it is without merit, as has been shown by scientists in recent years. Certainly it has some merit with respect to weed control, mineral availability, and soil aeration, if not for moisture conservation. 

As reported in a document written around 1000 c.e., the Chinese utilized the phenomenon to make fireworks and that the first firecracker was invented using bamboo stuffed with the saltpeter mixture and a wick. They are known to have tied these to arrows to be delivered to enemies in battle—a very early form of gun. The first match was also made in China by applying a sulfur compound to a twig the match could be lit by touching it to a hot coal. (Friction matches were not invented until the 1800s.)... 

You should know much earlier what you re doing. You should know why and how you re telling the story. I mean, there are many, many films about Chinese factories. But if you re going to a Chinese factory, why are you filming the Chinese factory What are you trying to tell people There was one film we showed. Made in China [distributed as A Decent Factory], which is about a Nokia supplier in China. And what they filmed was a visit to a factory by a Nokia ethical consultant and a Nokia executive. 

Weil and Levchik cite similar sihcic acid-containing viscose fibres such as Daiwado s Corona and others made in China. The whole area of flame retardant regenerated cellulose fibres has recently been reviewed by Burrow. ... 

The contact angles of water and formamide on test materials were measured using the sessile drop method with the contact angle test instrument JCC-1 made in China (Changchun Science Instrument Factory) at 20°C in air. The radius of the... 

P activity Low background P spectrometer, FH1914, made in China detection efficienqr 26%,background 1.1-1.5 counts/min. a activity Parallel-plate barrier chamber a spectrometer, made in China detection effidency 45%, 4-6 MeV, background 13 counts/h. 

So in 30 years we have gone from sold in China to made in China to designed in China to dreamed up in China. ... 

In 1994, the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission recalled several brands of crayons made in China because they were found to contain lead. When buying crayons, paint sets, chalk and modeling clay, or any art supplies, look for a statement on the label that they conform with ASTM D-4236, a voluntary industry safety standard. 

Figure 13.3. Volume resistivity of j-CB/PET/PE composite, d-CB/PET/PE composite and d-CB/PE composite as a function of CB concentration. The volume ratio of PET and PE in -CB/PET/PE and d-CB/PET/PE is fixed at 1 3.2, Note that the CB is made in China with the trademark of MZ [12]...

The sulfur recovery catalysts are mainly used at refineries, petrochemical companies and ammonia plants with drege oil or coal as raw materials. Except for a few companies where bauxite is used, most plants adopt Al203-catalysts. LS822, LS821, CT6-2 and CT6-3 are the catalysts made in China for sulfur recovery. 

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