Macrophage bone marrow-derived

In addition to antibodies, the immune system also consists of bone-marrow derived lymphocytes, or B cells, and T cells that come from the thymus gland, both of which (indirectly) produce antibodies. These cells, in turn, may be helped by helper cells (= H) and suppressed by suppressor cells (= S). Helper cells may be alarmed as to the presence of antigens by macrophages (= M) that eat the antigens and leave parts of their meal on their cell surface. 

PAF synthesis can be demonstrated upon the appropriate stimulation of a diverse range of cells, including rat and mouse peritoneal macrophages [22], mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells [23, 24], rat kidney cells [25], human cultured lymphoid cell lines [26] and endothelial cells [27-29], human and... 

L. J. Guilbert and E. R. Stanley, The interaction of Lcolony stimulating factor-1 with bone marrow-derived macrophages, yiAo/CAe/n. 261, 4024-4032 (1986). 

NT131 Roth, W. ]., H. B. Fleit, S. 1. Chung, and A. Janoff. Characterization of two distinct transglutaminases of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages effects of exposure of viable cells to cigarette smoke on enzyme activity. J Leukoc Biol 1987 42(1) 9-20. 

IL-18 also induces IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 production, increases IgE expression on B cells and in association with IL-2, it enhances stimulus-induced IL-4 production from TH2 cells. Bone marrow-derived basophils produce IL-4 and IL-13 in response to a stimulus from IL-18 and IL-3. IL-18 in combination with IL-12 induces IFN-y from dendritic cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages. Adhesion molecules, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, are induced by this cytokine on synovial fibroblasts and endothelial cells. It inhibits osteoclast formation via its induction of GM-CSF from T cells. The receptors ofIL-18, IL-18Ra and IL-18R(3, share their signaling mechanisms via the IL-1R family. Toll-like receptors also share the downstream signaling pathway of IL-18 and are known to regulate IL-18 expression. 

Comalada M, Ballester I, Bailon E, Sierra S, Xaus J, Galvez J, Medina FSD, Zarzuelo A. 2006. Inhibition of pro-inflammatory markers in primary bone marrow-derived mouse macrophages by naturally occurring flavonoids Analysis of the structure-activity relationship. Biochem Pharmacol 72 1010-1021. 

For most antigens, the production of antibody (immunoglobulin) is based on the cooperative interaction of two types of lymphocyte, called T-cells (thymus-derived) and B-cells (bone marrow-derived). The T-cells, preprimed with macrophage-presented antigen, stimulate the B-cells to secrete copious quantities of antibody. However, on the basis of animal studies, such polysaccharide antigens as the type III pneumococcal polysaccharide have been considered to be T-cell-independent, as they are capable of triggering B-cells to produce antibody (IgM) in T-cell-deficient mice.167 These studies also indicated... 

BMT has been attempted in a number of affected boys with X-ALD. The rationale for the use of BMT in this disorder is that bone marrow-derived cells are known to be capable of degrading VLCFA. Perhaps more important, it was expected that some bone marrow-derived cells would enter the brain since infiltration of the brain with perivascular lymphocytes and macrophages is known to occur. Experience with the procedure has shown that it can stabilize the disease course in a subset of patients, and several cases of reversal of neurological damage also have been reported in patients in the early stages of their disease. 

Miller AC, Schattenberg DG, Malkinson AM, et al. 1994. Decreased content of the il 1 alpha processing enzyme calpain in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages after treatment with the benzene metabolite hydroquinone. Toxicol Lett 74(2) 177-184. 

APC, antigen-presenting cells are bone-marrow-derived cells, macrophages and dendritic cells which process foreign antigens and present them to T cells, OR, adenomatous polyposis coli protein, enoded by the human ape gene. 

Yamamoto M, Kiyota T, Walsh SM, Ikezu T (2007a) Kinetic analysis of aggregated amyloid-P peptide clearance in adult bone-marrow-derived macrophages from APP and CCL2 transgenic mice. J Neuroimmune Pharm 2 213-227. 

Rich I (1986) A role for the macrophage in normal hemopoiesis. II. Effect of varying physiological oxygen tensions on the release of hemopoietic growth factors from bone-marrow-derived macrophages in vitro. Experimental Hematology 14 746-751. 

Monocyte. Bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytic leukocyte, with bean-shaped nucleus and fine granular cytoplasm containing lysosomes, phagocytic vacuoles, and cytoskeletal filaments. Once transported to tissues, monocytes develop into macrophages. 

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