Taxol lung cancer

Taxol—One of the most effective modern cancer drugs, came out of a massive government search for new cancer medicines from plants. Taxol is used to treat cancer of the ovary, breast, and certain forms of lung cancer. Taxol comes from the bark and needles of a yew tree. 

Vinorelbine) taxol [33069-62 ] C47H51NO14 853.92 (52) nonsmaH cell lung cancer investigational dmg alopecia neutropenia ... 

Yen WC, Corpuz MR, Prudente RY, Cooke TA, Bissonnette RP, Negro-Vilar A, Lamph WW (2004) A selective retinoid X receptor agonist bexarotene (Targretin) prevents and overcomes acquired paclitaxel (Taxol) resistance in human non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 10(24) 8656-8664. 

Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb) is a chemotherapy drug for ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and certain lung cancers. It was discovered by the US National Cancer Institute in the 1960s. Originally, it was extracted from the bark of the North American yew tree (Taxus brevifo-lia). Clinical tests had necessitated the harvesting of the bark, and this method damaged the trees irreversibly. 

Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. manufactures and distributes paclitaxel (brand name, Taxol, and generically known as taxol), which the FDA has approved for treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers and AIDs-related Kaposi s sarcoma. Bristol s patent listings in the Orange Book and the related patent infringement suits demonstrate that invalid patents in combination with the lengthy pendency of a patent application can potentially generate an additional 30-month stay. 

Lau et al. have reported on their experience of administering radiation with taxol dosed twice a week for locally advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer (53). Their phase II trial was conducted combining low-dose radiosensitizing chemotherapy with concurrent radiation followed by consolidation chemotherapy (62). The induction chemoradiation consisted of paclitaxel, 30 mg/m2 iv over 1 h, twice weekly for 6 wk carboplatin, AUC of... 

Taxol is a natural product that has impacted the lives of hundreds of thousands of people. Since 1992, it has been the API in certain chemotherapy agents provided to patients suffering from a variety of cancers and is approved for the treatment of ovarian, breast, non-smaU-ceU lung cancers and AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma in over 50 countries. 

Paclitaxel Taxol Carcinoma of the breast, ovaries Kaposi sarcoma nonsmall cell lung cancer Blood disorders (anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia] hypersensitivity reaction (skin rash/itching, shortness of breath] joint/muscle pain peripheral neuropathies Gl distress (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea]... 

Goncalves, A. Braguer, D. Kamath, K. Martello, L. Briand, C. Horwitz, S. Wilson, L. Jordan, M. A. Resistance to Taxol in lung cancer cells associated with increased microtubule dynamics. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2001, 98 11737-11741. 

Paclitaxel (Taxol ) and its semisynthetic analogue docetaxel (see Figure 5.1) are two of the most important chemotherapeutic drugs, currently used for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer, metastatic breast cancer, melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, and Kar-posi s sarcoma [8,9], More recently, these drugs have been used for the treatment of neck, prostate, and cervical cancers [8, 9],... 

So where does this leave taxol There is no doubt that it has potent anticancer activity and can extend the lives of patients with advanced ovarian and breast cancers in particular, and it is currently undergoing clinical trials in combination with m-platin as a treatment for lung cancer. But its relative water-insolubility and its toxicity to bone-marrow cells make it fall far short of the wonder-drug status that it achieved in the late 1980s. That said, Bristol-Myers Squibb currently has sales of paclitaxel in excess of 1500... 

Docetaxel acts by disrupting cells microtubular network, which is essential for mitotic and interphase cellular functions. Docetaxel binds to free tubulin and promotes the assembly of tubulin into stable microtubules while simultaneously inhibiting their disassembly. Docetaxel is indicated in locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. The first compound of this series, paclitaxel (Taxol), was isolated from the bark of the Western yew tree in 1971. Paclitaxel and its congenic, the semisynthetic docetaxel (Taxotere), exhibit unique pharmacological actions as... 

Taxol is an exceedingly potent drag with typical doses (i.v.) of 135 or 175mg/m every 3 weeks. Clinical studies have shown that the use of Taxol significantly increases response rate, time to progression, and survival time when compared with standard therapies that do not include Taxol. Studies have compared expenditures associated with Taxol use for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with other standard chemotherapeutic protocols, and the results have shown that Taxol is a cost-effective agent. 

Gonglaves A, Braguer D, Kamath K, Martello L, Briand C, Horwitz S, Wilson L, Jordan MA. Resistance to taxol in lung cancer cells associated with increased microtubule dynamics. P Natl Acad Sci USA 2001 98 11737-11741. 

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